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. 2017 Feb 26;22(3):358. doi: 10.3390/molecules22030358

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Mechanisms of action of chlorogenic acid over metabolic syndrome. Abbreviations: ACC = acetyl-CoA carboxylase, AMPK = AMP-activated protein kinase, FAS = fatty acid synthase, FFA = free fatty acid, G-6-P = glucose-6-phosphatase, HMGCR = 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase, LXRα = liver X receptor α, NO = nitric oxide, PPARα = peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α, PPARγ = peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, ROS = reactive oxygen species.