Table 1. Aspirin treatment of cancer in observational studies reported 2015–2017.
For details of studies published before 2015, see our earlier report [18].
| Study | Aspirin/no Aspirin | Events aspirin/none |
Follow-up duration |
Outcome | HR/RR (95% CI) |
Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COLORECTAL and GASTROINTESTINAL CANCER | ||||||
| Bains et al. [22] | 6,102/17,06 0 | 1,158/5,375 | 3 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.85 (0.79, 0.92) | |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.95 (0.90, 1.01) | |||||
| Frows et al. [23] | 1,008/8,278 | 5,138 | Up to 15 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.44 (0.33, 0.58) | Time dependent survival analyses |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.52 (0.44, 0.63) | |||||
| Giamperie et al, [24] | 20/46 | 8/43 | 6 years | Progression free survival | HR 0.48 (0.30, 0.79) | |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.43 (0.26, 0.72) | |||||
| Shimoike et al. [25] | 148/343 | ? | Over 5 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 1.38 (0.84, 2.26) | Poster presentation. Our estimates of HR. Other antiplatelet drugs used |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.61 (0.28, 1.33) | |||||
| Restivo et al. [26] | 37/204 | ? | 37months (19-57m) |
Prog free survival | HR 0.20 (0.07, 0.60) | |
| Overrall survival | HR 0.21 (0.05, 0.89) | |||||
| Ventura et al. [27] | 9,938/ 217,070 | 45/742 | 6 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.71 (0.52, 0.97) | ‘No certainty that aspirin taking continued to death’ |
| All-cause mortality | HR 1.18 (1.12, 1.23) | |||||
| Gray et al. [28] | 146/534 | 40/172 | ? | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.69 (0.47, 0.98) | PIK3CA and PTGS2 evaluated |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.76 (0.57, 1.03) | |||||
| Hua et al. [29] | 676/1,397 | 17/61 | 11 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.44 (0.25, 0.71) | |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.75 (0.59, 0.95) | |||||
| Vietonmaki et al. [30] | 676/1,397 | 413 | 15 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 1.28 (0.40, 4.12) | Competing risk analyses |
| Murphy et al. [31] | 95/296 | 8/43 | 110 months | Cause specific mortality | RR 0.72 (0.34–1.53) | Data for mutant and wild PIK3CA combined |
| All-cause mortality | RR 2.36 (1.44–3.87) | |||||
| Ratnsinghe et al. [32] | 5,935/3,934 | 44/42 Males | 17–21 years | M cause specific mortality | RR 0.68 (0.37. 1.26) | |
| 8.903/4,062 | 71/36 Females | F cause specific mortality | RR 1.61 (0.91, 2.85) | |||
| Hippisley-Cox et al. [33] | 4,528/39,617 | ? | 1–25 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.81 (0.73, 0.90) | Male and female data combined |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.85 (0.78, 0.93) | |||||
| Hamada et al. [34] | 269/348 | 37/81 | 11.5 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.65 (0.40, 1.07) | |
| Colorectal cancer deaths: Pooled HR for eleven studies: 0.68 (0.57, 0.81), heterogeneity p<0.0005, Egger's test for bias p = 0.09 All cause deaths: Pooled HR for nine studies: 0.76 (0.63–0.91) heterogeneity p<0.0005, Egger's test p = 0.04 | ||||||
| BREAST CANCER | ||||||
| McMenamin et al. [35] | 2,822/12,318 | 261/929 | 3–6 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.92 (0.75, 1.14) | |
| All-cause mortality | HR 1.21 (1.04, 1.40) | |||||
| Shiao et al. [36] | 65/157 | 11/50 | Up to 10 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.41 (0.20, 0.83) | ‘aspirin’ includes other anticoagulants |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.67 (0.35, 1.27) | |||||
| Ratnasinghe et al. [32] | 8,903/4,062 | 84/47 | 17–21 years | Cause specific mortality | RR 0.82 (0.49, 1.36) | Two cohorts pooled |
| MsCarthy et al. [37] | 60/52 | n.a. | n.a. | Breast cancer recurrence | HR 0.65 (0.46, 0.91) | Aspirin and NSAID use. Includes data on PIK3CA |
| Breast cancer deaths: Pooled HR for three studies: 0.70 (0.47–1.03) heterogeneity p = 0.04, Egger's test P<0.16 All cause deaths: Pooled HR for two studies 0.98 (0.56–1.71) heterogeneity p = 0.08, Egger's test not possible | ||||||
| PROSTATE CANCER | ||||||
| Osborrn et al. [38] | 147/142 | 2/5 | 6 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.20 (0.04, 1.13) | |
| Veitonmaki et al. [39] | 332/6,205 | 23/592 | 7.5 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.62 (0.30, 1.32) | Estimates with ‘lag time’ ignored |
| Zhou et al. [40] | ?/? | 103/67 | 2–7 years | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.83 (0.72, 0.95) | Results of daily aspirin in two cohorts pooled |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.75 (0.66, 0.86) | |||||
| Cardwell et al. [41] | 1,184/3,531 | 616/568 | 4–12 years | Cause specific mortality | OR 1.02 (0.78, 1.34) | |
| All-cause mortality | OR 1.22 (1.02,1.45) | |||||
| Ratnasing et al. [32] | 14,943/8,806 | 2,735/3,170 | 17–21 years | Cause specific mortality | RR 1.11 (0.60 2.05) | |
| Downer et al. [42] | 3,277 | 190/307 | n.a. | Cause specific mortality | HR 0.68 (0.52, 0.90) | Long-term follow-up of a previously randomised trial |
| All-cause mortality | HR 0.72 (0.61, 0.84) | |||||
| OTHER CANCERS | ||||||
| Bar et al. [43] | 31/11 | 29/34 | 4 years | Recurrent-free survival | HR 0.52 (0.30, 0.90) | |
| Ovarian | 3–173 month | Overall survival | HR 0.50 (0.29, 0.84) | |||
| Matsuo et al. [44] | 158/1,529 | 127 | 31 months | Disease specific | HR 0.46 (0.25, 0.86) | |
| Endometrium. | Overall survival | HR 0.23 (0.08, 0.64) | ||||
| Li et al. [45] | 60/60 Liver |
? | 80 months | Total mortality | HR 0.60 (0.35, 1.03) | Matched pairs |
| Veitonmaki et al. [30] | 7,183/17,509 | 19/6 6/4 |
15 years | Disease specific | HR 1.27 (0.57, 2.83) | |
| Lung Pancreas |
Disease specific | HR 0.85 (0.24, 3.05) | ||||
| Maddison et al. [46] | 60/60 | 284 total | ?5 years | Disease specific | HR 1.00 (0.73,1.37) | |
| Lung | ||||||
| Kim et al. [47] | Head & neck | 81/1311 | 24–192 months | Disease specific | HR 1.30 (0.78, 2.18) | |
| Overall survival | HR 1.30 (0.96, 1.92) | |||||