Table 2.
Essential oils extracted from a variety of plants listed in European and American Pharmacopoeias.
| Essential Oil Name | Botanical Name | Plant Part Used | European Pharmacopoeias | American Pharmacopoeias |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anise oil | Pimpinella anisum L. | ripe fruit | X | X |
| Bitter-fennel fruit oil | Foeniculum vulgare Mill., spp. vulgare var. vulgare | ripe fruit | X | X |
| Bitter-fennel herb oil | Foeniculum vulgare Mill., spp. vulgare var. vulgare | aerial parts | X | |
| Caraway oil | Carum carvi L. | dry fruit | X | X |
| Cardamom oil | Elettaria cardamomum L. | seeds | X | |
| Cassia oil | Cinnamomum aromaticum Nees | leave and young branches | X | |
| Cinnamon bark oil, Ceylon | Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees | bark of the shoot | X | |
| Cinnamon leaf oil, Ceylon | Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees | leaves | X | |
| Citronella oil |
Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt ex Bor |
fresh or partially dried aerial parts | X | |
| Clary sage oil | Salvia sclarea L. | fresh or dried flowering stem | X | |
| Clove oil | Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry | dried flower buds | X | X |
| Coriander oil | Coriandrum sativum L. | fruits | X | X |
| Dwarf pine oil | Pinus mugo Turra | fresh leaves and twigs | X | |
| Eucalyptus oil | genus Eucalyptus | fresh leaves or fresh terminal branches of various species of Eucalyptus rich in 1,8-cineole | X | |
| Juniper oil | Juniperus communis L. | ripe, non-fermented berry cones | X | |
| Lavender oil | Lavandula angustifolia Mill. | flowering tops | X | |
| Lemon oil | Citrus limon L. | fresh peel | X | X |
| Mandarin oil | Citrus reticulata Blanco | fresh peel | X | |
| Matricaria oil | Matricaria recutita L. | fresh or dried flower-heads or flowering tops | X | |
| Mint oil (partly dementholised by cristallization) | Mentha canadensis L. | fresh, flowering aerial parts | X | |
| Neroli oil | Citrus aurantium L. | fresh flowers | X | |
| Nutmeg oil | Myristica fragrans Houtt. | dried and crushed kernels | X | |
| Peppermint oil | Mentha piperita L. | fresh aerial parts of the flowering plant | X | X |
| Pine sylvestris oil | Pinus sylvestris L. | fresh leaves and branches | X | |
| Rose oil | Rosa gallica L., Rosa damascene Miller, Rosa alba L., Rosa centifolia L. | fresh flowers | X | |
| Rosemary oil | Rosmarinus officinalis L. | flowering aerial parts | X | |
| Spanish sage oil | Salvia lavandulifolia Vahl | flowering aerial parts | X | |
| Spike lavender oil | Lavandula latifolia Medik | flowering tops | X | |
| Star anise oil | Illicium verum Hook | dry ripe fruits | X | |
| Sweet orange oil | Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck | fresh peel | X | X |
| Tea tree oil | genus Melaleuca | foliage and terminal branches | X | |
| Thyme oil | Thymus vulgaris L. or Thymus zygis L. | fresh flowering aerial parts | X | |
| Turpentine oil, Pinus pinaster type | Pinus pinaster Aiton | oleoresin obtained by tapping | X |