Table 4.

Therapeutic outcomes of carbon-based, lipid-based, polymer-based and inorganic-based delivery systems loaded with artemisinin and derivatives.

Artemisinin Derivatives	Composition	Drug Delivery System	Application	Advantage	Ref.
Artemisinin	Multi-walled carbon nanotubes	Carbon-based	Anticancer	Enhanced inhibitory effect on K562 cancer cell lines.	[72]
Artemisinin	Multi-walled carbon nanotubes	Carbon-based	Anticancer	Enhanced antitumor effects in tumor-bearing murine model.	[73]
Artesunate	Fullerene, hyaluronic acid	Carbon-based	Anticancer	Excellent antitumor activity.	[74]
Artemisinin dimer piperazine derivatives	l-α-Phosphatidyl-choline extract from egg	Lipid-based nanoparticles	Anticancer	Enhanced inhibition of the growth of breast cancer cells and induced down-regulation of HER Family Members.	[76]
Areether	Soya lecithin, Tween 80 and Pluronic F68	Lipid-based nanoparticles	Antimalarial	Enhanced bioavailability.	[77]
Dihydroxyartemisinin	Miglyol® 812	Lipid-based nanoparticles	Antimalarial	Enhanced bioavailability.	[78]
Artemether	Glyceryl trimyristate (solid lipid) and soybean oil	Lipid-based nanoarticles	Antimalarial	Improved bioavailability and biocompatibility.	[79]
Artemisinin	Poly lactic co-glycolic acid	Polymer-based nanoparticles	Antileishmanial	Significant reduction in the parasite load in the liver and spleen than the free artemisinin.	[80]
Artemisinin	Poly(ε-capro-lactone)	Polymer-based nanoparticles	Antimalarial	Sustained delivery of artemisinin.	[81]
Artesunate	Poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid-	Polymer-based nanoparticles	Anticancer	Inhibitory effect of the nanoparticles loaded with drug was enhanced on A549, SCC-7, and MCF-7 cancer cell lines.	[82]
Artesunate	β-Cyclodextrin, chitosan/lecithin	Polymer-based nanoparticles	Antimalarial	Enhanced drug stability and antimalarial activity.	[83]
Dihydroartemisinin	Gelatin and hyaluronan	Polymer-based nanoparticles	Anticancer	Significant inhibition of the proliferation of A549 cells	[84]
Artemisinin	Albumin	Polymer-based nanoparticles	Antimalarial	Excellent bioavailability.	[85]
Dihydroartemisinin	Poly(lactic-co-glycolic)acid-	Polymer-based nanoparticles	Anticancer	Enhanced anticancer activity.	[86]
Artesunate	Fe3O4	Inorganic-based nanoparticles	Anticancer	Significant cell growth inhibition and apoptosis rate of K562 cell lines.	[87]
Artemisinin	Iron nanoparticles	Inorganic-based nanoparticles	Anticancer	Enhanced inhibition of HeLa cell lines.	[88]