Table 2.

Microbial producers of AChEIs.

Strain	Classification	Structure of Active Ingredient(s)	Compound Type	IC50	Method Used	Ref.
Aspergillus terreus	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Aspergillus		Territrem B	7.6 μM	Ellman’s method	Ling et al. [25]
Aspergillus terreus (No. GX7-3B)	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Aspergillus		Anhydrojavanicin	2.01 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Deng et al. [26]
			8-O-Methylbostrycoidin	6.71 μM
			NGA0187 (Terpenoid)	1.89 μM
			Beauvericin	3.09 μM
Aspergillus flavus LF40	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Aspergillus		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Wang et al. [27]
Aspergillus flavus	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Aspergillus		(8E,12Z)-10,11-Dihydroxyoctadeca-8,12-dienoic acid	No report	Modified Ellman’s method	Qiao et al. [28]
			3β,4α-Dihydroxy-26-methoxyergosta-7,24(28)-dien-6-one
Aspergillus versicolor Y10	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Aspergillus		Avertoxin B	14.9 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Wang et al. [29]
Penicillium citrinum	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Penicillium		Quinolactacins A1	280 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Kim et al. [30]
			Quinolactacins A2	19.8 μM
Penicillium sp. EPF-6	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Penicillium		Quinolactacins A, B, and C	No report	Ellman’s method	Kakinuma et al. [31]
Penicillium sp. FO-4259	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Penicillium		Arigsugacin I	0.64 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Omura et al.; Huang et al. [32,33]
Penicillium sp. sk5GW1L	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Penicillium
			Arigsugacins F	0.37 μM
			Territrem B	7.03 μM
Penicillium chermesinum (ZH4-E2)	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Penicillium		Terphenyls	7.8 μM 5.2 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Huang et al. [34]
Penicillium griseofulvum LF146	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Penicillium		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Wang et al. [35]
Paecilomyces tenuis YS-13	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Paecilomyces Paecilomyces		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Su and Yang [36]
Acremonium implicatum LF30	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Acremonium	No clear products			Modified Ellman’s method	Wang et al. [35]
Acremonium sp. 2F09P03B	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Acremonium		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	No report	Li et al. [37]
Botrytis sp. HA23	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Botrytis		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	No report	Ju et al. [38]
Trichoderma sp.	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Moniliaceae, Trichoderma	No clear products			Modified Ellman’s method	Dong et al. [39]
Colletotrichum gloeosporioides ES026	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Coelomycetes, Melanconiales, Melanconiaceae Colletotrichum		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Zhao et al. [40]
Alternaria sp. YD-01	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Dematiaceae Alternaria		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	TLC bioautography	Yang et al. [41]
Cladosporium cladosporioides LF70	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Hyphomycetes, Moniliales, Dermateaceae, Cladosporium		Huperzine A	0.6 μM
Phomopsis sp.	Eumycota, Deuteromycotina, Coelamycetes, Sphaeropsidales, Sphaeropsidaceae, Phomopsis		Cytochalasin H	No report	TLC bioautography	Chapla et al. [42]
Chrysosporium sp.	Eumycota, Ascomycotina, Ascomycetes, Onygenales, Onygenaceae, Chrysosporium		14-(2′,3′,5′-Trihydroxyphenyl)tetradecan-2-ol	197 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Sekhar Rao et al. [43]
Shiraia sp. Slf14	Eumycota, Ascomycotina, Pyrenomycetes, Sphaeriales, Hypocreaceae, Shiraia		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Zhu et al. [44]
Xylaria sp. YS-02	Eumycota, Ascomycota, pyrenomycetes, Sphaeriales, Xylariaceae, Xylaria		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Su et al. [45]
Xylaria sp.	Eumycota, Ascomycota, pyrenomycetes, Sphaeriales, Xylariaceae, Xylaria		Xyloketal A	29.9 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Lin et al. [46]
			Xyloketal B	109.3 μM
			Xyloketal C	109.3 μM
			Xyloketal D	425.6 μM
Hyalodendriella sp. Ponipodef12	Eumycota, Ascomycotina, Discomycetes, Leotiales, Leotiaceae, Hyalodendriella		Palmariol B (1)	115.31 µg/mL	Modified Ellman’s method	Meng et al. [47], Mao et al. [48]
			4-Hydroxymellein (2)	116.05 µg/mL
			Alternariol 9-methyl ether (3)	135.52 µg/mL
			Botrallin (4)	83.70 µg/mL
Blastomyces sp.	Eumycota, Ascomycotina, Hemiascomycetes, Endomycetalcs, Endomycetaccae, Blastomyces		Huperzine A	0.6 μM	No report	Ju et al. [38]
Haddowia longipes	Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Aphyllophorales, Ganodermataceae, Haddowia		11-Oxo-ganoderiol D (1) Lanosta-8-en-7,11-dioxo-3b-acetyloxy-24,25,26-trihydroxy (2) Lanosta-8-en-7-oxo-3b-acetyloxy-11b,24,25,26-tetrahydroxy (3) Ganoderiol D (10) Lanosta-8-en-7-one-3b-acetyloxy-24,25,26-trihydroxy (11)	No report	Modified Ellman’s method	Zhang et al. [49]
			Lanosta-7,9(11)-dien-3b-acetyloxy-24,25,26-trihydroxy (4) Ganodermanondiol (12) Lucidumol B (13)
			11β-Hydroxy-lucidadiol (7) Lucidadiol (15)
			Lucidone H (8) lucidadone A (17)
Bacillus subtilis	Bacteria, Firmicutes, Bacilli, Bacillales, Bacillaceae, Bacillus	No clear product			TLC bioautography and Modified Ellman’s method	Pandey et al.; Wang et al. [50,51]
Streptomyces sp. AH-14	Phylum Actinobacteria, Actinomycetales, Streptomycetaceae, Streptomyces		Physostigmine	41 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Murao and Hayashi [52]
Streptomyces sp. LB173	Phylum Actinobacteria, Actinomycetales, Streptomycetaceae, Streptomyces		Geranylphenazinediol	2.62 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Ohlendorf et al. [53]
Streptomyces lavendulae	Phylum Actinobacteria, Actinomycetales, Streptomycetaceae, Streptomyces		Oxygen heterocyclic compound	7.6 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Kurokawa et al. [54]
Rubrobacter radiotolerans	Phylum Actinobacteria, Rubrobacteridae, Rubrobacterales, Rubrobacteraceae, Rubrobacter		2-(2-(3-Hydroxy-1-(1H-indol-3-yl)-2-methoxypropyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)acetic acid	11.8 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Li et al. [55]
			3-(3-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-3-(1Hindol-3-yl)propane-1,2-diol	13.5 μM
N98-1021	Phylum Actinobacteria, Actinomycetales		Same structure as terferol	20 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Dong et al. [56]
Streptosporangium sp.	Phylum Actinobacteria, Actinomycetales, Streptomycetaceae, Streptosporangium		YXJ-E1 Novel compound extracted from secondary metabolites of Actinobacteria for the first time	No report	Modified Ellman’s method	Yang et al. [57]
			7,4′-Dihydroxy flavone	No report
Talaromyces sp. LF458	Phylum Actinobacteria, Actinomycetales, Arthrobacter Talaromyces		Talaromycesone A	7.49 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Wu et al. [58]
Cladonia macilenta Hoffm.	Lichenes, Ascolichens, Cladoniaceae, Cladonia		Biruloquinone 9,10-Phenanthrene quinone, a rare natural quinone compound	27.1 μg/mL	Modified Ellman’s method	Luo et al. [59]
Nostoc 78-12A	Cyanophyta, Nostocales, Nostocaceae, Nostoc		Nostocarboline	5.3 μM	Modified Ellman’s method	Becher et al. [60]