Table 1.

Nutrient and life history traits used in the analysis*

Nutrients	Description
Protein	“Serves as the major structural component of all cells of the body, and functions as enzymes, in membranes, as transport carriers, and as some hormones”
Total fat	“Energy source and, when found in foods, is a source of n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids”
Omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid)	“Essential component of structural membrane lipids, involved with cell signaling, and precursor of eicosanoids. Required for normal skin function”
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (α-linoleic acid)	“Involved with neurological development and growth. Precursor of eicosanoids”
Iron	“Component of hemoglobin and numerous enzymes; prevents microcytic hypochromic anemia”
Zinc	“Component of multiple enzymes and proteins; involved in the regulation of gene expression”
Vitamin A	“Required for normal vision, gene expression, reproduction, embryonic development and immune function”
Vitamin B12	“Coenzyme in nucleic acid metabolism; prevents megaloblastic anemia”
Vitamin D	“Maintains serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations, and, in turn, bone health”
Life history traits
Maximum length	Largest value ever reported for a given species, in cm (may not correspond to maximum length for subpopulation)
Trophic level	Weighted mean of the trophic level of the organisms that form the diet of the species; primary producers are assigned a value of one
Habitat	Categorical; bathydemersal, benthopelagic, demersal, pelagic, pelagic-neritic, pelagic-oceanic, reef-associated
Latitudinal range	Categorical; tropical, subtropical, temperate, boreal/austral, polar
Minimum depth	Minimum distance (m) below sea surface where species generally live
Maximum depth	Maximum distance (m) below sea surface where species generally live
a length–weight parameter	Empirically determined scalar parameter of the function W = aLb
b length–weight parameter	Empirically determined exponential parameter of the function W = aLb

*Refs. ^51–55. All nutrient function descriptions taken from National Academies (2017); see ref. ⁵⁰ for more details. See FishBase glossary at www.fishbase.org for detailed descriptions of life history traits