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. 2018 Sep 19;6:116. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00116

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Copyright © 2018 Donaldson, Tanase, Awuah, Vasanthi Bathrinarayanan, Hall, Nikkhah, Khademhosseini, Rose, Alexander and Ghaemmaghami.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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PBMC viability is not impaired by culture with GelMA hydrogels. (A,B) Annexin V-FITC/PI staining profiles of cells harvested from TC and GelMA cultures respectively. (C) Percentage of viable (dark gray bars) and non-viable (light gray bars) cells collected from GelMA and TC. Two-tailed t-tests determined that there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in the proportion of viable cells, or dead cells harvested from GelMA cultures compared to TC. Error bars represent standard deviation (n = 3). (D) Live/Dead staining of PBMC on GelMA and TC for 4 and 24 h (scale bar 100 μm) where green fluorescent highlights live and red highlights dead cells respectively. (E) Measurement of TNF-α production by LPS stimulated CD14⁺ monocytes seeded on different substrates. ****p < 0.0001.