Fig. 1.
Low-capture-cost carbon dioxide emissions in the United States, existing carbon dioxide pipelines, and potential saline storage formations. Colocated sources are summed so that the total emissions are observable. Total emissions are 87 Mt per year, including 43 Mt from ethanol fermentation at biorefineries, 22 Mt from hydrogen production, 5 Mt from ammonia production, and 17 Mt from natural gas processing. Data sources are listed in SI Appendix.