Fig. 1.

Octahedral tilt pattern modulation. Schematic view of octahedral tilt modulation (green layer) by introducing a tilt-control layer (purple layer) having (A) less tilting and (B) more tilting. Here, an orthorhombic structure (a⁺b⁻b⁻) is used for demonstration. The red arrows and their lengths indicate the direction and amount of the rotation angle change, respectively, which are necessary to match TCL. A smaller tilt change in interior layers is due to the decay nature of interfacial geometry constraint.