Table 1.
Percentage of people aged 40 and over living with child(ren) and grandchild(ren) aged 0–17 by selected adult characteristics, weighted data
(Source: IPUMS-International (Minnesota Population Center 2017) and ONS LS)
| Austria | England and Wales | France | Greece | Portugal | Romania | USA | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 1982 | 1990 | 1999 | 2011 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 1977 | 1992 | 2002 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | |
| % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |
| Sex | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Male | 4.9 | 4.3 | 2.9 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 7.0 | 5.0 | 3.4 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 4.1 | 3.3 | 7.5 | 8.6 | 8.9 | 2.6 | 2.9 | 3.0 | 3.2 |
| Female | 6.5 | 5.4 | 3.7 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 12.0 | 8.2 | 5.3 | 6.7 | 8.2 | 5.8 | 4.6 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 11.7 | 4.0 | 4.3 | 4.7 | 5.0 |
| Age | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 40s | 2.3 | 2.1 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 3.7 | 4.7 | 4.0 | 2.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.7 |
| 50s | 5.4 | 5.4 | 3.2 | 1.9 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 6.1 | 4.5 | 3.1 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 10.4 | 12.0 | 12.9 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 4.8 |
| 60s | 7.5 | 6.7 | 5.1 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 14.9 | 9.5 | 6.8 | 8.4 | 10.1 | 7.4 | 5.7 | 14.8 | 13.3 | 16.6 | 3.6 | 4.4 | 5.4 | 5.5 |
| 70s | 9.0 | 6.3 | 5.0 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.6 | 4.1 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 22.2 | 14.1 | 8.0 | 8.1 | 10.9 | 7.3 | 5.5 | 15.3 | 12.5 | 11.1 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 4.7 |
| 80s | 8.9 | 5.7 | 4.0 | 2.8 | 1.3 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 4.6 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 24.8 | 14.5 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 10.8 | 6.7 | 4.5 | 14.2 | 10.4 | 7.2 | 3.3 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 2.9 |
| 90 plus | 8.5 | 5.1 | 3.4 | 2.1 | 0.9 | 1.5 | 0.3 | 4.0 | 2.3 | 1.4 | 0.8 | 20.4 | 11.0 | 4.8 | 6.0 | 7.0 | 5.5 | 3.2 | 12.0 | 7.1 | 5.1 | 3.4 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 1.6 |
| Marital status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Never-married | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 4.7 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.2 |
| Married | 5.1 | 4.8 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.7 | 7.2 | 5.1 | 3.6 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 7.5 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 3.5 | 3.8 |
| Divorced/sep. | 2.7 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 6.0 | 3.6 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 7.2 | 5.0 | 3.2 | 7.0 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 4.8 | 4.8 |
| Widowed | 11.1 | 8.1 | 6.2 | 4.8 | 3.1 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 6.1 | 3.7 | 2.4 | 1.7 | 27.5 | 18.4 | 10.9 | 11.5 | 17.9 | 12.1 | 8.3 | 20.2 | 16.2 | 16.3 | 6.6 | 5.7 | 6.6 | 6.9 |
| Education | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less than primary | na | na | na | na | na | na | na | 3.2 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 15.9 | 12.7 | 9.5 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 11.6 | 14.1 | 16.5 | 8.0 | 10.5 | 14.9 | 14.5 |
| Primary | 8.0 | 7.3 | 5.5 | 2.1 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 6.9 | 5.7 | 4.6 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 2.6 | 2.4 | 7.6 | 9.8 | 12.4 | 4.4 | 5.6 | 6.8 | 8.0 |
| Secondary | 2.7 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 3.7 | 4.9 | 5.7 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.7 | 4.0 |
| University | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 1.7 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 |
| Work status | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employed | 3.4 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 4.4 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 4.5 | 4.0 | 2.8 | 2.4 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 6.2 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.4 |
| Unemployed | 2.5 | 2.6 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.8 | 2.8 | 1.7 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 4.0 | na | 7.0 | 5.8 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.4 |
| Not in labour force | 7.5 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 13.6 | 9.0 | 6.0 | 7.5 | 9.3 | 6.8 | 5.3 | 13.3 | 12.5 | 13.1 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 5.1 |
| Country of birth | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Born abroad | 3.1 | 6.2 | 3.9 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 1.9 | 4.1 | 3.1 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 1.9 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 7.9 | 5.1 | 4.0 | 7.9 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 9.1 | 9.1 |
| Native | 5.9 | 4.8 | 3.3 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 2.1 | 1.4 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 9.6 | 6.7 | 4.2 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.1 |
| Home tenure | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Owned home | 9.0 | 6.9 | 4.6 | 2.0 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 1.3 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 10.3 | 7.0 | 4.3 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 5.1 | 4.0 | 10.6 | 10.7 | 12.6 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 3.8 |
| Not owned home | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.9 | 1.7 | 1.2 | 1.7 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 6.6 | 4.9 | 4.6 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 4.7 | 4.3 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 5.0 | 5.2 |
| Total | 5.8 | 4.9 | 3.4 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 9.6 | 6.7 | 4.4 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 5.0 | 4.0 | 9.6 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.9 | 4.1 |
All variables are dichotomous indicators (dummy variables)