Table 1.

Oligonucleotides used in the study

Primer	Sequence (5′ → 3′)	Locus	Ta [°C]	PCR [bp]	Ref.
TEM-A TEM-B	ATAAAATTCTTGAAGAC TTACCAATGCTTAATCA	Flank of blaTEM-like genes	42	1181	[12]
P1C P2D	TTAATTCGTCTCTTCCAGA CAGCGCTTTTGCCGTCTAAG	Flank of blaCTX-M1-like genes	55	1042	[11]
SHV-A SHV-B	ACTGAATGAGGCGCTTCC ATCCCGCAGATAAATCACC	Flank of blaSHV-like genes	55	329	[12]
OXA-1/F OXA-1/R	ATGAAAAACACAATACATATCAAC TTTCCTGTAAGTGCGGACAC	Internal fragment of blaOXA-1-related genes	48	755	[35]
CF-1 CF-2	ATGATGAAAAAATCGATATG TTATTGCAGTTTTTCAAGAATG	Flank of blaCMY-like genes	45	1146	[15]
aac(3)-IIF aac(3)-II	TGAAACGCTGACGGAGCCTC GTCGAACAGGTAGCACTGAG	aac(3)-II	55	369	[36]
sul1-F sul1-R	TGGTGACGGTGTTCGGCATTC GCGAAGGTTTCCGAGAAGGTG	sulI	56	790	[37]
SUL2F SUL2R	CGGCATCGTCAACATAACCT TGTGCGGATGAAGTCAGCTC	sulII	55	721	[38]
SUL3F SUL3R	CAACGGAAGTGGGCGTTGTGGA GCTGCACCAATTCGCTGAACG	sulIII	57	244	[38]
gyrA-P1 gyrA-P3	TGT CCG AGA TGG CCT GAA GC TGC CGT CAT AGT TAT CAA CGA	QRDR gyrA	58	374	[37]
parC-3 parC-4	CCG TGC GTT GCC GTT TAT TG AAGTGCCGTCGAAGTTTGGCA	QRDR parC	58	368	[37]
qnrA-1 qnrA-2	ATTTCTCACGCCAGGATTTG GATCGGCAAAGGTTAGGTCA	qnrA	Gradient	516	[39, 40]
qnrB-1 qnrB-2	GATCGTGAAAGCCAGAAAGG ACGATGCCTGGTAGTTGTCC	qnrB		469
qnrS-1 qnrS-2	ACGACATTCGTCAACTGCAA TAAATTGGCACCCTGTAGGC	qnrS		417

Ta annealing temperature of PCR, Ref references, bp base pair