Table 4.
First introduced milks by country in TEDDY study
| Type of formula | First used supplementary milk—Proportion (%) of users | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The United States n = 2,998 | Finland n = 1,638 | Germany n = 493 | Sweden n = 2,237 | |
| From birth | ||||
| Cow's milk formula | 72.9 | 62.5 | 38.5 | 71.4 |
| Extensively hydrolysed | 0.9 | 11.1 | 3.3 | 1.2 |
| Partially hydrolysed | 3.1 | 0.3 | 35.9 | 0.3 |
| Soy formula | 3.7 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.0 |
| Cow's milka | 13.0 | 16.5 | 16.8 | 23.8 |
| Unknownb | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.1 |
| Tied/missingc | 5.0 | 8.0 | 5.1 | 3.2 |
| 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | |
| After 3 days of age | ||||
| Cow's milk formula | 31.7 | 54.2 | 24.8 | 43.7 |
| Extensively hydrolysed | 2.5 | 2.6 | 1.0 | 2.8 |
| Partially hydrolysed | 8.1 | 0.9 | 28.8 | 0.4 |
| Soy formula | 9.9 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.1 |
| Cow's milka | 42.2 | 36.1 | 34.5 | 49.9 |
| Unknownb | 0.5 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Tied/missingc | 5.0 | 5.3 | 10.5 | 3.3 |
| 100% | 100% | 100% | 100% | |
Note. Proportion (%) of users in those subjects who stayed in the study for at least the first year of life with first milk information from the first year of life (n = 7,366). TEDDY = the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young.
a
Numbers include cow's milk, cow's milk in foods/food preparation, and ice cream.
b
Unknown group: Infant has received supplementary milk, but there were no information on what type of milk.
c
Tied/missing: Subjects were introduced to more than one supplemental milk at the same time (tied), or did not report a first supplementary milk in the first year (missing).