Table 1.
Sample Characteristics of 95 Former NFL Players
| Mean (SD) | n(%) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 55.29 (7.88) | -- |
| Education, years | 16.41 (0.97) | -- |
| aAfrican American (N = 94) | -- | 41 (43.6) |
| aAFE to football, years (N = 94) | 11.93 (2.56) | -- |
| Duration of football play, years | 18.22 (3.50) | -- |
| Duration of play in the NFL, years | 8.10 (2.80) | -- |
| Total no. of pre-definition of concussions | 154.18 (595.76) | -- |
| Total no. of post-definition of concussions | 621.56 (1939.99) | -- |
| Total no. of concussions with LOC | 4.63 (16.45) | -- |
| Primary Position Group | ||
| Offensive line | 28 (29.5) | |
| Running back | 8 (8.4) | |
| Tight end | 5 (5.3) | |
| Offensive skill | 1 (1.1) | |
| Defensive line | 15 (15.8) | |
| Linebacker | 20 (21.1) | |
| Defensive Back | 18 (18.9) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 33.42 (5.09) | -- |
| Played other contact sports | -- | 24 (25.3) |
| aHypertension (N = 92) | -- | 47 (51.1) |
| aHigh cholesterol (N = 89) | -- | 47 (52.8) |
| aDiabetes (N = 91) | -- | 8 (8.8) |
| aHeart disease, (N = 90) | -- | 8 (8.9) |
| Use of excessive alcohol | -- | 49 (51.6) |
| Use of illicit drugs | -- | 60 (63.2) |
| aUse of performance enhancing drugs (N = 87) | -- | 13 (14.9) |
Abbreviations: AFE= age of first exposure, NFL= National Football League; LOC = loss of consciousness
a
sample size reduced due to missing data