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. 2018 Jun 9;16:45–54. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2018.06.006

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Fasting and fed glycemia (A & E) and plasma total GLP-1 (B & F), area under the glycemic excursion curves (AUC) (C & G) and plasma insulin at 0 and 15 min after oral glucose challenge in Gcgr−/−:Gpbar1−/−(A–D) and Gcgr−/−:Glp2r−/−(E–H) double knockout mice and their single knockout and wild-type littermates. Glycemic excursion curves were delineated by measuring tail blood glycemia at 0, 15, 30 60 and 90 min after the specified glucose challenge and glucose tolerance determined by calculating the corresponding AUCs. Shown are individual data points with overlapping mean ± SD (n = 11–16 mice per genotype, combined from 2 independent mouse cohorts, except data from fed mice in panels A, C, E and G wherein n = 6–8 per genotype). Panels A, B & C: **p < 0.01 & ***p < 0.001 Gcgr−/−:Gpbar1+/+ & Gcgr−/−:Gpbar1−/− vs Gcgr+/+:Gpbar1+/+ & Gcgr+/+:Gpbar1−/−. Panels E, F, & G: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 & ***p < 0.001 Gcgr−/−:Glp2r+/+ & Gcgr−/−:Glp2r−/− vs Gcgr+/+:Glp2r+/+ & Gcgr+/+:Glp2r−/−; ++p < 0.01 Gcgr−/−:Glp2r−/− vs Gcgr+/+:Glp2r+/+, Gcgr+/+:Glp2r−/− & Gcgr−/−:Glp2r+/+. Panels D & H: insulin levels 15 min after oral glucose were significantly higher than at 0 min (p < 0.001) irrespective of the mouse genotype. Panel D: **p < 0.01 Gcgr−/−:Gpbar1+/+ & Gcgr−/−:Gpbar1−/− insulin at 15 min vs Gcgr+/+:Gpbar1+/+ & Gcgr+/+:Gpbar1−/− insulin at 15 min. Panel H: **p < 0.01 Gcgr−/−:Glp2r+/+ & Gcgr−/−:Glp2r−/− insulin at 15 min vs Gcgr+/+:Glp2r+/+ & Gcgr+/+:Glp2r−/− insulin at 15 min Statistical significance was assessed by one-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's multiple comparison post hoc test. Unpaired Student's t test was used for the comparisons insulin at 15 min vs insulin at 0 min.