Table 1.

Physiological parameters of the mechanistic kidney model. The tubular flow rate exiting each tubular subsegment is equal to the tubular flow rate entering the next tubular subsegment. The flow rate at the beginning of the first proximal tubule subsegment is equal to glomerular filtration rate (120 mL/min) and the exiting flow rate at the end of the last collecting duct subsegment (Collecting duct₅) is equal to normal urine formation rate (1 mL/min). The volumes, tubular surface areas, and flow rates are scaled to two kidneys with 0.9 million nephrons per kidney based on the physiological values with detailed calculation described in Table S1 and Methods section

Segment	Volume (l)	Tubular surface area (dm2)	Tubular flow rate entering each tubular subsegment (ml/min)	pH value
Proximal tubule1	0.0305	6107	120	7.2
Proximal tubule2	0.0305	6107	94	7.1
Proximal tubule3	0.0305	6107	68	7
Loop of henleD	0.0027	61	43	7
Loop of henleA	0.0027	61	24	7
Distal tubule	0.0194	156	24	6.9
Collecting duct1	0.237	6.7	11	6.8
Collecting duct2	0.237	6.7	9	6.7
Collecting duct3	0.237	6.7	7	6.6
Collecting duct4	0.237	6.7	5	6.5
Collecting duct5	0.237	6.7	3	6.5