Table 1. Ethogram of recorded behaviours.
| Behaviour | Description |
|---|---|
| Feeder peck1 | Bird pecks at feeder |
| Waltzing3 | Male turns body towards female, lowers one wing with stepping movement |
| Exploration1,2 | |
| Explore ground | Walking or standing, head close to ground, eyes focusing on ground items |
| Ground peck3 | Pecks at items on ground |
| Object peck | Pecks at object of interest |
| Manipulate object | Uses beak to lift, move or otherwise manipulate object |
| Feather preening1,2 | |
| Preening | Uses beak to trim/arrange feathers |
| Scratch body | Uses feet to scratch/clean/preen feathers |
| Locomotion1,2 | |
| Walk | Two or more steps, attending to surroundings |
| Run | Two or more steps in faster tempo than walk, head held forward |
| Vocalisation2 | |
| Tid-bit call | Short clucks, emitted when finding food, or by male for attracting females |
| Other vocalisation | Any unspecified vocalisation, not cockerel crowing |
| Agonistic behaviour2 | |
| Wing flap threat | Bird flaps wings < 0.5 m in front of other birds, upright body position |
| Give and receive threat | Bird follows other bird with head high, other bird moving away |
| Raised hackle threat | Body horizontal or in pecking position, head towards opponent, hackles raised |
| Chase | Bird follows another bird, both running, jumping or flying |
| Attack | Bird moves swiftly towards opponent to give or gives aggressive peck. Head over opponent |
| Fight | Bird involved in aggressive encounter, more than one peck. Both birds active, running, jumping or flying |
Behaviour categories used for statistical analysis are in bold.
1,2,3Behaviours or behaviour categories used in experiment 1, 2 and 3 respectively