FIGURE 1.
Current strategies for the treatment of kidney diseases with MSC: Once administered into an individual, MSCs will circulate into the bloodstream. In a damaged kidney, MSCs will cross the endothelium, reside in the parenchyma, and then migrate to the injured areas. MSCs contribute to renal tissue regeneration through at least one of the mechanisms depicted in the figure. ROS, reactive oxygen species; RNS, reactive nitrogen species; APC, antigen presenting cell.
