Biofilm formation and ICEBs1 conjugation activation are simultaneous. Recipient and donor cells harboring a PtapA-yfp fluorescent marker in the amyE locus were mated on MSgg. Biofilms were then harvested after 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h. For each time point, cells were used to quantify biofilm expression by fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) and to assess mating efficiency. The results shown are representative of at least three independent experiments, and error bars represent the SEM.