Table 2.
Influence of the sexual activity of oestrous females with a male on the probability that they receive aggression from the pregnant/lactating females involved in a friendship with him. (Parameters and tests are based on 1262 focal observations of oestrous females, distributed among 35 focal females and 27 males. We observed 1569 occurrences of sexual activity (587 copulations, 982 presentings), and 199 occurrences of aggression between oestrous females and pregnant/lactating female friends. GLMMs control for focal observation identity, focal female and male identity (fitted as random factors). The confidence interval (CI) and p-value of statistically significant results are highlighted in italics. s.e., standard error; LRT, statistic of a likelihood ratio test; d.f., degrees of freedom.)
| response variable | fixed factor | levels | estimate | s.e. | 95% CI | LRT | d.f. | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| probability that oestrous females receive aggression from the female friends of a male (0/1), across male friends | sexual activity (presentings, copulations) | 0.27 | 0.13 | (0.00; 0.53) | 3.87 | 1 | 0.049 | |
| mate-guarding with the malea | 0.71 | 0.27 | (0.18; 1.24) | 6.83 | 1 | 0.009 | ||
| proximity to ovulation | 0.23 | 0.20 | (−0.16; 0.62) | 1.35 | 1 | 0.246 | ||
| number of female friends of male | 1.32 | 0.24 | (0.86; 1.80) | 30.76 | 1 | <0.001 | ||
| spatial proximity with female friends | 0.21 | 0.10 | (−0.00; 0.41) | 3.70 | 1 | 0.054 | ||
| rank of focal female | −1.03 | 0.26 | (−1.65; −0.58) | 18.50 | 1 | <0.001 | ||
| rank of male | 0.14 | 0.30 | (−0.45; 0.74) | 0.23 | 1 | 0.635 | ||
| groupb | L | 0.73 | 0.47 | (−0.26; 1.69) | 2.20 | 1 | 0.138 | |
| yearc | 2006 | 0.34 | 0.41 | (−0.45; 1.22) | 9.04 | 3 | 0.029 | |
| 2013 | −0.69 | 0.72 | (−2.13; 0.75) | |||||
| 2014 | 0.70 | 0.58 | (−0.46; 1.91) |
aReference category: not mate-guarded by the male.
bReference category: J group.
cReference category: 2005.