Table 1.
Clinical Outcome Measures at Different Time Points
| CTL training |
VR training |
|||||
| Measure | Pre | Post | Follow-up | Pre | Post | Follow-up |
| 5 m speed, m/s | ||||||
| Comfortable | 0.74 | 0.81 | 0.90 | 0.84 | 0.85 | 0.84 |
| Fast | 0.94 | 1.04 | 1.04 | 1.04 | 1.11 | 0.95 |
| 6MWT, m | 304 | 325 | 307 | 326 | 362 | 334 |
| Berg Balance Scale, max. 56 | 48 | 49 | 50 | 50 | 50 | 50 |
| ABC-CF scale, max. 100 | 97 | 88 | 89 | 89 | 99 | 98 |
| Life-H Housing* | ||||||
| 1. Sweeping and vacuuming inside your home | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2. Making a bed | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 8 |
| 3. Emptying waste baskets and taking out the garbage | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| 4. Entering and exiting your home | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| 5. Moving from one room to another in your home | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| 6. Moving around in your bathroom | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| 7. Moving from one floor to another in your home | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 |
| 8. Getting from the street to the entrance of your home | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| 9. Moving around the grounds of your home during the summer | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 8 | 8 |
| Life-H Mobility* | ||||||
| 10. Getting around on the sidewalk | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| 11. Getting around on the street | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| 12. Crossing an intersection with a traffic light | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| 13. Crossing an intersection without a traffic light | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| 14. Getting around on uneven surfaces (grass, etc.) | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| 15. Walking as a means of transportation | 6 | 8 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 8 |
| Life-H Community Life* | ||||||
| 16. Going to, entering, and moving around service establishments in your neighbourhood | 6 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 8 |
| 17. Going to, entering, and moving around in local businesses | 2 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 6 | 8 |
Note: Scores that improved by 2 points from pre-training to follow-up are italicized for CTL training and bolded for VR training.
2=accomplished with difficulty and required an assistive device (or adaptations) and human assistance; 4=performed without difficulty but with an assistive device (or adaptation) and human assistance; 6=performed with difficulty and required an assistive device (or adaptation); 8=performed without difficulty with an assistive device (or adaptation).
CTL=control; VR=virtual reality; pre=pre-training; post=after 3 wk training; follow-up=at 3 wk follow-up; 6MWT=6-minute walk test; ABC-CF=Activities-Specific Balance Confidence scale, Canadian French version; Life-H=Assessment of Life Habits Scale.