Table 5.
Risk of adverse outcomes and healthcare utilization according to frailty component individually
| Variables | Crude | Modela | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | HR | 95% CI | |
| Mortality | ||||
| Fatigue | 1.3 | 1.27–1.34b | 1.03 | 1.00–1.06c |
| Resistance | 2.24 | 2.09–2.4b | 1.21 | 1.13–1.3b |
| Ambulation | 3.47 | 3.22–3.75b | 1.06 | 0.98–1.15 |
| Illness | 4.52 | 4.42–4.61b | 0.99 | 0.96–1.02 |
| Body weight loss | 4.03 | 3.83–4.23b | 1.37 | 1.3–1.44b |
| Cardiovascular events | ||||
| Fatigue | 1.21 | 1.18–1.24b | 0.99 | 0.96–1.01 |
| Resistance | 1.75 | 1.62–1.9b | 1.09 | 1.00–1.17c |
| Ambulation | 2.69 | 2.47–2.94b | 0.97 | 0.89–1.07 |
| Illness | 4.68 | 4.58–4.78b | 1.17 | 1.14–1.21b |
| Body weight loss | 2.21 | 2.07–2.36b | 1.15 | 1.07–1.23b |
| Hospitalization | ||||
| Fatigue | 1.25 | 1.24–1.26b | 1.04 | 1.03–1.06b |
| Resistance | 1.71 | 1.64–1.77b | 1.17 | 1.13–1.22b |
| Ambulation | 2.33 | 2.22–2.44b | 1.13 | 1.08–1.19b |
| Illness | 2.82 | 2.79–2.86b | 1.06 | 1.04–1.08b |
| Body weight loss | 2.09 | 2.02–2.16b | 1.22 | 1.18–1.26b |
| ICU admission | ||||
| Fatigue | 1.27 | 1.24–1.3b | 1.01 | 0.99–1.04 |
| Resistance | 2.04 | 1.9–2.18b | 1.2 | 1.12–1.28b |
| Ambulation | 3.08 | 2.85–3.33b | 1.07 | 0.99–1.16 |
| Illness | 4.06 | 3.97–4.14b | 1.03 | 1.00–1.06 |
| Body weight loss | 3.03 | 2.87–3.19b | 1.32 | 1.25–1.4b |
CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, ICU intensive care unit
aAdjusted for demographic profiles, comorbidities, aDSCI, and medications
bp < 0.001
cp < 0.05