Table 3.

Independent association of patient characteristics with satisfaction and QOL outcomes^{1,2, 3}

Factors	Satisfaction] w/Service4 β (95% CI)	PCS β (95% CI)	MCS β (95% CI)	General Health  β (95% CI)
Demographic
Race (AA)	0.32 (−0.85, 1.38)	−1.36 (−2.80, 0.09)	7.50* (1.40, 13.61)	−0.11 (−0.28, 0.06)
Gender (Female)	NE	NE	NE	NE
Age	NE	−0.07* (−0.13, −0.01)	NE	−0.01** (−0.02, −0.00)
Ethnicity (Hispanic)	NE	NS	NE	NE
Married (Yes)	NE	NE	NE	NE
Educational level (≥ Some College)	NE	NE	NS	NE
Employment Status (Employed)	NE	NS	NS	NS
Family Income (≥$25,000)	NE	NS	NE	NS
Insurance (Any Private?)	NE	NS	NE	NE
Wheelchair from SCI Center (yes)	NE	NS	NE	NE
Medical
Co-Morbid Conditions ( >1)	NE	−3.04*** (−4.47, −1.60)	−4.24*** (−6.49, −1.98)	−0.34*** (−0.52, −0.16)
Years since injury	NS	0.06* (0.01, 0.11)	NE	NE
Injury Level	NE	NE	NE	NE
Tetraplegia vs. Paraplegia
Cultural
Experience of Discrimination (ever)	−1.76** (−2.86, −0.69)	NE	NE	NS
Perceived Racism	MC	NE	NE	NE
Healthcare System Distrust	−2.19*** (−3.18, −1.43)	NE	NS	NS
Communication with provider (>4)	1.14** (0.22, 1.72)	1.66* (0.18, 3.15)	NE	NS
Health Literacy (>10)	NE	NE	NE	NE
Psychosocial
Self-esteem	NE	NE	9.38*** (6.82, 11.95)	0.56*** (0.36, 0.75)
Mastery	NE	NS	NE	NE
Anxiety	NS	NE	−9.52*** (−11.89, −7.15)	−0.30*** (−0.46, −0.14)
Depression	NE	NS	NE	NE
Interaction
Race (AA) x Anxiety	NE	NE	−5.22* (−9.42, −1.03)	NE

Note:

¹Significant at *p≤.05; **p≤.01; ***p≤.001; all variables were checked for inter-correlation before being included in the final model.

²The data presented in each column corresponding to a particular outcome lists only the variables that were included in the model for a particular outcome.

³NE = not included because of non-significant bivariate correlations; MC = removed from final model because of multi-collinearity; NS = removed from final model because the variable was not significantly related to the outcome.

⁴Due to a skewed distribution for satisfaction, we applied the bootstrap method of analysis.