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. 2016 Dec;11(2):118–122. doi: 10.15420/ecr.2016:30:1

Figure 1: Limitations of Treatment with Vitamin K Antagonists.

Figure 1:

Drawbacks of vitamin K antagonists include the slow onset and offset of anticoagulation and a narrow therapeutic range. Genetic variants and multiple interactions with other drugs and food mean that patients’ responses are unpredictable, making routine monitoring and dose adjustments essential. Abbreviations: INR = international normalised ratio; VKA = vitamin K antagonists. Source: adapted from Martínez-Rubio et al.[1] With the permission from Spanish Society of Cardiology and Elsevier España S.L., © 2013, all rights reserved.