Table 1.
Summary of demography and other characteristics of cases (n = 17) and controls (n = 40)
| Characteristics | Case n (%) | Control n (%) | Total n (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male | 15 (88) | 32 (80) | 47 (83) |
| Female | 2 (12) | 8 (20) | 10 (17) |
| Age (years) | |||
| Mean | 47 | 47.8 | 47 |
| Standard deviation | 12.1 | 13 | 13 |
| Culture sample positive for Burkholderia pseudomallei in the case cohort: | |||
| Blood culture | 9 (53) | – | 9 (53) |
| Liver abscess pus | 6 (35) | – | 6 (35) |
| Blood culture and liver abscess pus | 1 (6) | – | 1 (6) |
| Pus from other site of infection | 1 (6) | – | 1 (6) |
| Type of disease at presentation: | |||
| Localized disease | 1 (6) | – | – |
| Disseminated disease | 16 (94) | – | – |
| Associated organ involvement in the cases (mutually inclusive): | |||
| Splenic abscess | 16 (94) | – | – |
| Pancreatitis | 1 (6) | – | – |
| Genitourinary tract (renal abscess) | 2 (12) | – | – |
| Musculoskeletal involvement (osteomyelitis, arthritis, and intramuscular abscess) | 7 (41) | – | – |
| Free fluid | 4 (24) | – | – |
| Organism identified from liver pus culture in the control cohort: | |||
| Escherichia sp. | – | 9 (23) | 9 (23) |
| Klebsiella sp. | – | 7 (18) | 7 (18) |
| Staphylococcus sp. | – | 5 (29) | 5 (29) |
| Nonfermenting GNB | – | 4 (24) | 4 (24) |
| Escherichia sp. and Enterococcus sp. | – | 4 (24) | 4 (24) |
| Streptococcus sp. | – | 3 (8) | 3 (8) |
| Escherichia sp., Klebsiella sp., and Enterococcus sp. | – | 2 (5) | 2 (5) |
| Escherichia sp., Enterococcus sp., and Citrobacter sp., and Pseudomonas sp. | – | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Escherichia sp. and Citrobacter sp. | – | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Escherichia sp. and Klebsiella sp. | – | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Klebsiella sp. and Staphylococcus sp. | – | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Nonfermenting gram negative bacteria and Enterococcus sp. | – | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Morganella sp. and Proteus sp. | – | 1 (3) | 1 (3) |
| Imaging modality: | |||
| Contrast-enhanced CT | 13 (77) | 35 (87) | 48 (84) |
| Ultrasonography | 4 (23) | 5 (13) | 9 (16) |
| Size distribution of the abscess in cm | |||
| Mean | 4 | 8 | 6 |
| SD | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.1 |
| Clinical presentation:28 | |||
| Acute (≤ 2 months) | 8 (47) | – | – |
| Chronic (> 2 months) | 9 (53) | – | – |
| Associated risk factors (mutually inclusive):3 | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 14 (82) | – | – |
| Alcohol dependence | 5 (29) | – | – |
| Urolithiasis | 1 (5) | – | – |