Table 1. Summary of this and five other cases of diving-related peri-orbital emphysema reported in the literature;[ 5 , 7 – 9] HRCT – high-resolution computed tomographic scan; CT − computed tomography; URTI − upper respiratory tract infection .

Article	Age/Sex	Type of diving	Depth (metres)	Symptoms and signs	Treatment	Probable precipitating factors	Images	Total recovery time
Leith 1969[7]	?/male	Simulated diving	79	Left cheek and eyelids swollen	Needle aspiration	Facial trauma 1 day before diving	X-rays: no fracture	5 days
	?	?	31	Right cheek and side of forehead swollen	?	?	X-rays: no fracture	?
Bolognini 2008[8]	26/male	Freediving	25–30	Tinnitus, right upper eyelid swollen + ptosis	Antibiotics, nasal spray decongestants	Repeated and forceful Valsalvas	HRCT: no fracture	2 weeks
Hall 2013[9]	?/male	Boat diving	?	Left orbital swelling	?	?	CT: no fracture	?
Pennell 2014[5]	23/male	Boat diving	4	Pain + right orbital swelling	?	Recent URTI with nasal stuffiness	CT: no fracture	?
Our case	26/male	Simulated diving	12	Pain + left orbital swelling + ptosis	None	Recent URTI; repeated forceful Valsalvas	CT: no fracture	10 days