Fig. 1.

The perfused bioreactor experimental setup. The culture medium in reservoir 1 flows through gas permeable tubes to the culture chamber and to the reservoir 2. The culture chamber may hold 3 scaffolds. At the outlet of the culture chamber, a bypass circuit composed of a 3-way valve and a gas-impermeable tubing with an optically accessible miniaturized bioreactor allows the oxygen concentration in the culture medium to be measured. The exhausted culture medium in reservoir 2 was reversed and collected in a waste reservoir to assess glucose and lactate content.