Table 4. Cellulitis treatment.
| All (n = 606) |
Good response (n = 520) |
Poor response (n = 86) |
P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Treatment before admission | Yes | 237 (39.1%) | 211 (40.6%) | 26 (30.2%) | 0.07 |
| No | 369 (60.9%) | 309 (59.4%) | 60 (69.8%) | ||
| Initial treatment at admission a | Single antibiotic | 381 (62.9%) | 322 (61.9%) | 59 (68.6%) | 0.2 |
| >1 antibiotic | 225 (37.1%) | 198 (38.1%) | 27 (31.4%) | ||
| Amoxicillin-clavulanate monotherapy | Yes | 259 (42.7%) | 220 (42.3%) | 39 (45.3%) | 0.6 |
| No | 347 (57.3%) | 300 (57.7%) | 47 (54.7%) | ||
| Change of the initial regimen | Yes | 184 (30.4%) | 159 (30.6%) | 25 (29.1%) | 0.8 |
| No | 422 (69.6%) | 361 (69.4%) | 61 (70.9%) | ||
| Reason for change b | Culture | 57 (31.0%) | 48 (30.2%) | 9 (36.0%) | 0.8 |
| Poor response | 55 (29.9%) | 47 (29.6%) | 8 (32.0%) | ||
| Toxicity | 11 (6.0%) | 9 (5.7%) | 2 (8.0%) | ||
| Others | 61 (33.2%) | 55 (34.6%) | 6 (24.0%) | ||
| Days until change b | 3.5 (3.2–3.9) | 3.5 (3.1–3.9) | 3.5 (2.7–4.7) | 0.9 | |
| Treatment after change b | Single antibiotic | 86 (46.7%) | 77 (48.4%) | 9 (36.0%) | 0.2 |
| >1 antibiotic | 98 (53.3%) | 82 (51.6%) | 16 (64.0%) | ||
| Antibiotic treatment after discharge | Yes | 504 (85.1%) | 440 (84.6%) | 64 (88.9%) | 0.3 |
| No | 88 (14.9%) | 80 (15.4%) | 8 (11.1%) | ||
| Treatment after discharge | Single antibiotic | 407 (80.8%) | 356 (80.9%) | 51 (79.7%) | 0.8 |
| >1 antibiotic | 97 (19.2%) | 84 (19.1%) | 13 (20.3%) | ||
| Total number of antibiotics used | 1.6 (1.5–1.7) | 1.6 (1.5–1.7) | 1.5 (1.4–1.67) | 0.3 | |
| Total number of antibiotics used |
1 | 289 (47.7%) | 243 (46.7%) | 46 (53.5%) | 0.8 |
| 2 | 191 (31.5%) | 168 (32.3%) | 23 (26.7%) | ||
| 3 | 89 (14.7%) | 77 (14.8%) | 12 (14.0%) | ||
| 4 | 35 (5.8%) | 30 (5.8%) | 5 (5.8%) | ||
| 5 | 2 (0.3%) | 2 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
| Days of IV antibiotic treatment | 6.1 (5.8–6.5) | 6.1 (5.7–6.5) | 6.6 (5.6–7.9) | 0.3 | |
| Total days of antibiotic treatment | 13.3 (12.7–13.9) | 13.3 (12.7–13.9) | 13.1 (11.3–15.3) | 0.9 | |
| Surgical treatment | Yes | 81 (13.4%) | 71 (13.7%) | 10 (11.6%) | 0.6 |
| No | 525 (86.6%) | 449 (86.3%) | 76 (88.4%) |
Values are expressed as mean (95% CI) or % as appropriate.
aThe most common monotherapy regimens were amoxicillin-clavulanate (259 patients, 42.7%), piperacillin-tazobactam (24 patients, 4.0%) and cefazolin (22 patients, 3.6%), whereas the most common combination therapy was clindamycin plus either ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin (40 patients, 6.6%).
bOnly in patients who underwent treatment modification respect to the initial regimen
IV denotes intravenous