The model bee is moved between a set of states which describe different locations in the Y-maze apparatus (A): at the entrance (B), in the central chamber facing the left arm(D), in the central chamber facing the right arm (D), in the left arm or in the right arm (E,F). When at the entrance or in the main chamber the bee is presented with a sensory input corresponding to one of the test stimuli; GO selection leads the bee to enter the maze when at the entrance, and to enter an arm and experience a potential reward when facing that arm; NOGO leads the bee to delay entering the maze, or to choose another maze arm uniformly at random, respectively. We can then set the test stimuli presented to match the requirements of a given trial (e.g. entrance (A), main chamber left (A), main chamber right (B) for DMTS when rewarding the left arm, or DNMTS when rewarding the right arm).