. 2018 Apr 3;67(8):1182–1190. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy267

Table 3.

Predictors Associated With Cerebrospinal Fluid Viral Escape in Mixed-Effects Logistic Regression Models

Predictor	PIs vs Other ART Regimens						Atazanavir-Containing, Non–Atazanavir-Containing PI vs Other ART Regimens
	Unadjusted Model (n = 5732)		Time Adjusted Model (n = 5663)		Covariate Adjusted Model (n = 5663)		Time Adjusted Model (n = 5663)		Covariate Adjusted Model (n = 5663)
	OR (95% CI)	P Value	OR (95% CI)	P Value	OR (95% CI)	P Value	OR (95% CI)	P Value	OR (95% CI)	P Value
ART regimen
PI + NRTIs	3.7 (2.4–5.8)	<.01	3.9 (2.5–6.2)	<.01	3.1 (1.9–5.1)	<.01	…	…	…	…
Other ART	1.0 (Ref.)	…	1.0 (Ref.)	…	1.0 (Ref.)	…	…	…	…	…
ART regimen
Atazanavir-containing	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.9 (2.4–6.3)	<.01	3.1 (1.9–5.3)	<.001
Non-atazanavir-containing PI	...	...	...	...	...	...	3.4 (2.1–5.6)	<.01	2.7 (1.6–4.5)	<.01
Other ART	...	...	...	...	...	...	1.0 (Ref.)	...	1.0 (Ref.)	...
Estimated years of human immunodeficiency virus infection^a	...	...	1.5 (1.3–1.7)	<.01	1.7 (1.4–2.0)	<.01	1.5 (1.3–1.7)	<.01	1.7 (1.4–2.0)	<.01
Nadir CD4+ T-cell count^b	...	...	...	...	1.2 (1.0–1.5)	.03	...	...	1.3 (1.0–1.6)	.02
Age at study visit^c	...	...	...	...	0.9 (0.9–1.0)	<.01	...	...	0.9 (0.9–1.0)	<.01
Plasma viral load
Nonsuppressed (>50 copies/mL)	...	...	...	...	1.7 (1.2–2.6)	.01	...	...	1.7 (1.2–2.6)	<.01
Suppressed (≤50 copies/mL)	...	...	...	...	1.0 (Ref.)	...	...	...	1.0 (Ref.)	...
Number of lumbar punctures	...	...	...	...	1.0 (1.0-1.0)	.77	...	...	1.0 (1.0-1.0)	.67
Cohort indicator
National NeuroAIDS Tissue Consortium	...	...	...	...	1.7 (1.1–2.7)	.02	...	...	1.7 (1.1–2.7)	.02
CHARTER-HIV Neurobehavioral Research Center	...	...	...	...	1.0 (Ref.)	...	...	...	1.0 (Ref.)	...

Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; NRTI, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; OR, odds ratio; PI, protease inhibitor; Ref., reference.

^aOR per 5 years of estimated years of human immunodeficiency virus infection.

^bOR per 100 cell decrement in nadir CD4+ T-cell count.

^cOR per year. For mixed models, all values must be present to be modeled. Models were fit using Proc GLIMMIX for logistic regression for repeated measures with cerebrospinal fluid escape as the dependent variable and predictors as fixed effects. Adjusted models were analyzed with random intercept and time.