Table 1. Normal reference values for right ventricular global longitudinal strain according to sex, age, and vendors.

Parameter	First author	Normal range		N	Vendor
		Women (mean±SD)	Men (mean±SD)
RVGLStotal (%)	Muraru et al.32)	−26.7 ± 3.1	−24.7 ± 2.6	276	GE EchoPAC
RVGLStotal (%)	Park et al.33)	< 30 years old: −22.8 ± 2.5	< 30 years old: −20.8 ± 2.9	493	GE EchoPAC
		31–40 years old: −23.2 ± 3.6	31–40 years old: −20.1 ± 2.5
		41–50 years old: −22.5 ± 3.1	41–50 years old: −20.4 ± 3.0
		51–60 years old: −21.8 ± 3.1	51–60 years old: −21.0 ± 3.3
		> 60 years old: −21.3 ± 3.7	> 60 years old: −21.0 ± 3.0
RVGLStotal (%)	Meris et al.28)	−24.2 ± 2.9		100	GE EchoPAC
RVGLSfree wall (%)	Muraru et al.32)	−31.6 ± 4.0	−29.3 ± 3.4	276	GE EchoPAC
RVGLSfree wall (%)	Park et al.33)	< 30 years old: −28.2 ± 3.8	< 30 years old: −25.8 ± 3.7	493	GE EchoPAC
		31–40 years old: −28.5 ± 4.7	31–40 years old: −24.7 ± 3.5
		41–50 years old: −27.3 ± 4.0	41–50 years old: −25.3 ± 3.6
		51–60 years old: −27.1 ± 4.2	51–60 years old: −25.9 ± 4.2
		> 60 years old: −25.2 ± 4.9	> 60 years old: −26.1 ± 3.8
RVGLSfree wall (%)	Meris et al.28)	−28.7 ± 4.1		100	GE EchoPAC
RVGLSfree wall (%)	Fine et al.34)	−26.0 ± 4.0		116	GE EchoPAC
RVGLSfree wall (%)	Fine et al.30)	−21.7 ± 4.2		209	VVI

RVGLS: right ventricular global longitudinal strain, SD: standard deviation, VVI: velocity vector imaging.