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Schematic illustration of aptamer-gold nanoparticle (Apt-AuNP) molecules for cancer cell detection. The aptamer (Apt) linked to gold nanoparticles (AuNP) bind specifically to cancer cells and start to behave as a larger gold structure because of the particle’s proximity. The short proximity to each other causes a shift in the absorption spectra of the particles. However, the Apt-AuNP complex cannot recognize normal cells, which results in no alteration of the absorption signal.
