Table 2.

Socioeconomic characteristics of families at the beginning of study in 2013.

Variables	Urban	Rural
Mother’s education
Secondary school or less (%)	6.8***	57.6
High school education (%)	32.3***	28.6
Higher than high school (%)	60.9***	13.8
Mother’s occupation
Manual worker (%)	9.3***	73.4
Office staff (%)	56.7***	9.0
Business (%)	25.5**	14.0
Other (%)	8.5	3.6
Economic level
Number of family assets in 2013 (mean)	8.8***	5.4

The number of assets (bicycle, motorbike, car, telephone, mobile phone, radio, television, video player, sewing machine, computer, refrigerator, air conditioner, hot water) available in the households was used as an indicator of family economy.

The stars refer to the comparison between the urban and rural population.

**p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.