Table 4.

Estimated prevalence of OWOB, stunting, and concurrent OWOB and stunting by setting and sex in children aged 5.5–6.5 years old in three repeated cross-sectional studies using WHO reference.

		OWOB		Stunting		Concurrent OWOB and stunting
		n	% (95% CI)	n	% (95% CI)	n	% (95% CI)
Total studied population	2013 (n = 546)	140	25.6 (22.1–29.5)	50	9.2 (7.0–11.9)	17	3.1 (2.0–4.9)
	2014 (n = 897)	201	22.4 (19.8–25.3)	62	6.9 (5.4–8.8)	11	1.2 (0.7–2.2)
	2016 (n = 512)	139	27.1 (23.5–31.2)	25	4.9** (3.3–7.1)	6	1.2* (0.5–2.5)
Boys total	2013 (n = 297)	91	30.6 (25.7–36.1)	28	9.4 (6.6–13.3)	9	3.0 (1.6–5.6)
	2014 (n = 548)	120	26.2 (22.4–30.4)	31	6.8 (4.8–9.4)	6	1.3 (0.6–2.8)
	2016 (n = 283)	81	28.6 (23.7–34.1)	10	3.5** (1.9–6.4)	2	0.7* (0.2–2.5)
Urban	2013 (n = 183)	78	42.6 (35.7–49.9)	8	4.4 (2.2–8.4)	2	1.1 (0.3–3.8)
	2014 (n = 239)	99	41.4 (35.4–47.8)	4	1.7 (0.7–4.2)	2	0.8 (0.2–2.9)
	2016 (n = 133)	54	40.6 (32.6–49.1)	4	3.0 (1.2–7.5)	1	0.8 (0.1–4.1)
Rural	2013 (n = 114)	13	11.4 (6.8–18.5)	20	17.5 (11.7–25.6)	7	6.1 (3.0–12.1)
	2014 (n = 219)	21	9.6 (6.4–14.2)	27	12.3 (8.6–17.3)	4	1.8* (0.7–4.6)
	2016 (n = 150)	27	18.0 (12.7–24.9)	6	4.0*** (1.8–8.4)	1	0.7* (0.1–3.6)
Girls total	2013 (n = 249)	49	19.7 (15.2–25.1)	22	8.8 (5.9–13.0)	8	3.2 (1.6–6.2)
	2014 (n = 439)	81	18.5 (15.1–22.3)	31	7.1 (5.0–9.8)	5	1.1 (0.5–2.6)
	2016 (n = 229)	58	25.3 (20.1–31.3)	15	6.6 (4.0–10.5)	4	1.7 (0.7–4.4)
Urban	2013 (n = 147)	34	23.1 (17.1–30.6)	5	3.4 (1.5–7.7)	2	1.4 (0.3–4.8)
	2014 (n = 236)	73	30.9 (25.4–37.1)	6	2.5 (1.2–5.4)	4	1.7 (0.7–4.2)
	2016 (n = 111)	47	42.3** 33.6–51.6)	4	3.6 (1.4–8.9)	1	0.9 (0.2–4.9)
Rural	2013 (n = 114)	15	14.7 (9.1–22.9)	17	16.7 (10.7–25.1)	6	5.9 (2.7–12.2)
	2014 (n = 219)	8	3.9*** (2.0–7.5)	25	12.3 (8.5–17.5)	1	0.5** (0.08–2.7)
	2016 (n = 150)	11	9.3 (5.3–15.9)	11	9.3 (5.3–15.9)	3	2.5 (0.9–7.2)

p-values refer to the comparison with estimates for 2013.

*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.