Figure 4.

Homologous Alignments of Kiwifruit, Coffee, and Grape Genomes

With grape as a reference genome, genomic paralogy, orthology, and outparalogy information within grape and with coffee and kiwifruit are displayed in 18 circles. The curved lines within the inner circle, colored according to the 7 ancestral eudicot chromosomes (Jaillon et al., 2007), link paralogous pairs on the 19 grape chromosomes produced by the ECH. The short lines forming the innermost circle represent all predicted genes in grape, which have 2 sets of paralogous regions, forming another 2 circles. Each of the 3 sets of grape paralogous chromosomal regions has 1 orthologous copy in coffee and 4 orthologous copies in kiwifruit. Therefore, the 3 genomes result in 18 circles in the figure. Circles are respectively denoted by V, C, and K, corresponding to source plants in Figure 3. Homologous genes are denoted by short lines standing on a chromosome circle and are colored according to the chromosome number in the source plant shown in the inset legend.