Table 1.
Subject characteristics
| CN n=175 | MCI n=52 | Early AD n=66 | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Age, years | 70.47±5.84 | 72.52±6.59 | 74.41 ±7.34 | <0.001c |
| Gender, male/female | 75/100 | 20/32 | 24/42 | 0.619 |
| Education, years | 11.02±4.70 | 10.85±4.10 | 11.33 ±4.12 | 0.827 |
| Education | 0.449 | |||
| ≥7 | 134 (76.6) | 36 (69.2) | 52 (78.8) | |
| <7 | 41 (23.4) | 16 (30.8) | 14 (17.7) | |
| WLR | 5.97±1.49 | 1.83±0.90 | 1.74± 1.52 | <0.001a,c |
| MMSE | 26.67±1.80 | 25.58±1.55 | 22.02 ±1.54 | <0.001a,b,c |
| CDR 0/0.5/1 | 175/0/0 | 0/52/0 | 0/50/16 | <0.001 |
| CDR SOB | 0.00±0.00 | 1.37±0.63 | 3.52± 1.40 | <0.001a,b,c |
| BDS-ADL | 0.00±0.00 | 1.21±0.52 | 2.88± 1.25 | <0.001a,b,c |
| GDS | 11.43±6.93 | 11.29±6.56 | 11.29 ±6.58 | 0.984 |
| GDS | 0.861 | |||
| >15 | 47 | 12 | 17 | |
| ≤15 | 128 | 40 | 49 | |
| FAB | 14.58±2.09 | 13.81±2.26 | 11.98 ±3.62 | <0.001b,c |
| mHIS | 1.03±1.59 | 1.31±1.96 | 0.56± 0.70 | 0.023b |
| ApoE ε4 carrier | 23 (18.4) | 19 (36.5) | 20 (36.4) | <0.001 |
| SMC +/− | 72/103 | 28/24 | 41/25 | 0.010 |
Notes: Data are presented as mean±SD or number (%). Cutoff score of GDS is 15/16 for both minor depressive disorder and major depressive disorder. Comparison of three diagnostic groups was done by ANOVA with post hoc contrasts using Tukey’s methods:
CN vs MCI;
MCI vs AD;
CN vs AD. Chi-square test was used to compare gender, categorized education, CDR, categorized GDS, ApoE ε 4 carrier status and SMC positivity.
Abbreviations: CN, cognitively normal; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; WLR, word list delayed recall; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; CDR, clinical dementia rating; SOB, sum of box; BDS-ADL, blessed Dementia Scale-Activities of Daily Living; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; FAB, Frontal Assessment Battery; mHIS, modified Hachinski Ischemic Scale; ApoE, apolipoprotein E; SMC, subjective memory complaint.