Table 3.
Results of the logistic regression analyses for cognitive impairment status according to SMC and MMSE scores stratified by education and GDS
| B | SE | Wald | P-value | OR (95% CI) | χ2 | R2a | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| CN vs MCI | |||||||
| All | |||||||
| SMC | 0.864 | 0.398 | 4.701 | 0.030 | 2.372 (1.086–5.177) | 22.632 | 0.189 |
| MMSE | −0.315 | 0.130 | 5.885 | 0.015 | 0.730 (0.566–0.941) | 24.157 | 0.201 |
| Education ≥7 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.137 | 0.492 | 5.350 | 0.021 | 3.119 (1.190–8.176) | 27.081 | 0.291 |
| MMSE | −0.286 | 0.155 | 3.388 | 0.066 | 0.751 (0.554–1.019) | 24.993 | 0.270 |
| Education <7 | |||||||
| SMC | 0.061 | 0.819 | 0.006 | 0.940 | 1.063 (0.213–5.295) | 3.280 | 0.112 |
| MMSE | −0.464 | 0.339 | 1.870 | 0.171 | 0.629 (0.324–1.222) | 5.414 | 0.180 |
| GDS >15 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.194 | 1.467 | 0.663 | 0.416 | 3.300 (0.186–58.475) | 10.530 | 0.416 |
| MMSE | −0.899 | 0.552 | 2.652 | 0.103 | 0.407 (0.138–1.201) | 13.324 | 0.508 |
| GDS ≤15 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.203 | 0.472 | 6.489 | 0.011 | 3.328 (1.320–8.396) | 27.535 | 0.280 |
| MMSE | −0.255 | 0.142 | 3.206 | 0.073 | 0.775 (0.586–1.024) | 24.133 | 0.248 |
| Education ≥7 and GDS ≤15 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.792 | 0.595 | 9.078 | 0.003 | 6.000 (1.870–19.248) | 33.418 | 0.408 |
| MMSE | −0.209 | 0.166 | 1.586 | 0.208 | 0.811 (0.586–1.124) | 24.875 | 0.317 |
| CN vs early AD | |||||||
| All | |||||||
| SMC | 1.520 | 0.428 | 12.614 | <0.001 | 4.570 (1.976–10.571) | 63.743 | 0.427 |
| MMSE | −2.829 | 0.689 | 16.878 | <0.001 | 0.059 (0.015–0.228) | 175.210 | 0.888 |
| Education ≥7 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.627 | 0.493 | 10.887 | 0.001 | 5.086 (1.936–13.367) | 49.499 | 0.432 |
| MMSE | −6.705 | 2.958 | 5.137 | 0.023 | 0.001 (0.001–0.404) | 151.588 | 0.949 |
| Education <7 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.024 | 0.964 | 1.129 | 0.288 | 2.785 (0.421–18.431) | 17.793 | 0.495 |
| MMSE | −2.751 | 1.504 | 3.344 | 0.067 | 0.064 (0.003–1.218) | 40.747 | 0.890 |
| CN vs MCI plus early AD | |||||||
| All | |||||||
| SMC | 1.191 | 0.328 | 13.221 | <0.001 | 3.292 (1.732–6.257) | 61.848 | 0.330 |
| MMSE | −0.668 | 0.108 | 38.396 | <0.001 | 0.513 (0.415–0.633) | 107.238 | 0.519 |
| Education ≥7 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.361 | 0.390 | 12.212 | <0.001 | 3.902 (1.818–8.372) | 54.625 | 0.376 |
| MMSE | −0.721 | 0.129 | 31.197 | <0.001 | 0.486 (0.378–0.626) | 91.474 | 0.568 |
| Education <7 | |||||||
| SMC | 0.544 | 0.658 | 0.685 | 0.408 | 1.723 (0.475–6.255) | 12.038 | 0.273 |
| MMSE | −0.658 | 0.237 | 7.691 | 0.006 | 0.518 (0.325–0.824) | 23.126 | 0.474 |
| GDS >15 | |||||||
| SMC | 0.574 | 0.866 | 0.440 | 0.507 | 1.776 (0.325–9.694) | 23.136 | 0.479 |
| MMSE | −1.007 | 0.340 | 8.764 | 0.003 | 0.365 (0.187–0.711) | 39.774 | 0.714 |
| GDS ≤15 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.559 | 0.401 | 15.153 | <0.001 | 4.756 (2.169–10.428) | 58.665 | 0.398 |
| MMSE | −0.611 | 0.119 | 26.203 | <0.001 | 0.543 (0.430–0.686) | 80.676 | 0.515 |
| Education ≥7 and GDS ≤15 | |||||||
| SMC | 1.947 | 0.488 | 15.908 | <0.001 | 7.007 (2.692–18.238) | 56.619 | 0.472 |
| MMSE | −0.606 | 0.134 | 20.501 | <0.001 | 0.546 (0.420–0.709) | 68.375 | 0.546 |
Notes: Cutoff score of GDS is 15/16 for both minor depressive disorder and major depressive disorder. Logistic regression analyses were adjusted for age, gender, FAB, mHIS, and ApoE ε4.
Nagelkerke R2. SMC and MMSE were included in the regression model, respectively.
Abbreviations: SMC, subjective memory complaint; CN, cognitively normal; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; FAB, Frontal Assessment Battery; mHIS, modified Hachinski Ischemic Scale; ApoE, apolipoprotein E; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; CDR, clinical dementia rating; SOB, sum of box; B, regression coefficient; SE, standard error; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; GDS, Geriatric Depression Scale; AD, Alzheimer’s disease.