Table 3.
Risk assessment of add-on use of topiramate for drug resistant partial epilepsy, accounting for partially reported and unreported study outcomes. Data are Mantel-Haenszel estimates and confidence intervals, unadjusted and adjusted for outcome reporting bias (using the Copas method)16
| Outcome | Pooled estimate, relative risk (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Copas adjustment | |
| Benefits | ||
| 50% seizure reduction | 2.97 (2.38 to 3.72) | 2.87 (2.31 to 3.57) |
| Seizure freedom | 3.41 (1.37 to 8.51) | 2.66 (1.19 to 5.78) |
| Harms | ||
| Treatment withdrawal | 2.44 (1.45 to 4.10) | 2.47 (1.48 to 4.13) |
| Dizziness | 1.54 (1.07 to 2.22) | 1.64 (1.16 to 2.32) |
| Headache | 0.99 (0.67 to 1.44) | 1.14 (0.83 to 1.58) |
| Nausea and vomiting | 1.50 (0.71 to 3.15) | 1.90 (1.08 to 3.59) |
| Paraesthesias | 3.91 (1.51 to 10.12) | 4.40 (1.87 to 10.83) |
| Weight loss | 3.47 (1.55 to 7.79) | 3.60 (1.69 to 7.92) |
| Fatigue | 2.19 (1.42 to 3.40) | 2.22 (1.46 to 3.42) |
| Somnolence | 2.29 (1.49 to 3.51) | 2.35 (1.55 to 3.57) |
| Concentration impairment | 7.81 (2.08 to 29.29) | 8.25 (2.45 to 29.89) |
| Speech difficulty | 3.37 (0.80 to 14.13) | 4.48 (1.55 to 16.01) |
| Thinking abnormality | 5.70 (2.26 to 14.38) | 6.02 (2.54 to 14.79) |
| Ataxia | 2.29 (1.10 to 4.77) | 2.61 (1.36 to 5.16) |