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. 2018 Sep 28;13(9):e0203816. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203816

Fig 2. Zeaxanthin induces antioxidant response in the RPE.

Fig 2

An experimental group (n = 5) receiving daily gavage feeding of zeaxanthin for one month did not exhibit induction of antioxidant genes such as Catalase (Cat), Glutathione S-Transferase Mu 1 (Gstm1), Heme Oxygenase 1 (Hmox1), NAD(P)H Quinone Dehydrogenase 1 (Nqo1), and Sequestosome 1 (Sqstm1) in RPE/choroid (A) or retina (B) compared to control group (n = 5). However, after four months of supplementation, the experimental group had greater mRNA expression of the antioxidant enzymes in the RPE/choroid (N = 5:P<0.05) than the control group (N = 5) (C); expression in the retina (D) was not affected by supplementation.