Structure of human α-CAs bound to acetazolamide, a “classical” sulfonamide inhibitor. Surface depiction of acetazolamide bound to (A) CA II, PDB ID 3HS4 (grey), (B) CA IX, PDB ID 3IAI (green), and (C) CA XII, PDB ID IJCZ (wheat). Active site zinc (magenta sphere), hydrophilic (purple) and hydrophobic (orange) residues are shown.