Table 1.

Chemical structures and solubility of 27 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives and one pyridine analogue investigated in this study.

Compounds	Trivial Name	R3	R4	R5	Solubility	Reference
I	Diethone				Ethanol with 10% DMSO	[23]
II-1	Carbatone	ONa	H	OCH2COONa	Water	[24]
II-2	J-9-133-2	ONa	H	OCH3	Water	[25]
II-3	J-9-46	OCH2CH3	H	OCH2CH3	Ethanol	[25]
II-4	Metcarbatone	ONa	CH3	OCH2COONa	Water	[26]
II-5	Etcarbatone	ONa	CH2CH3	OCH2COONa	Water	[26]
II-6	J-9-117 (Styrylcarbatone)	ONa	CH=CHPh	OCH2COONa	Water	*MM
III-1	Thiocarbatone	ONa	H	SCH2COONa	Water	MM
III-2	TK-2	OCH3	H	SCH2COOCH3	Ethanol with 10% DMSO	MM
III-3	E-170-4 (TK-1)	OCH2CH3	H	SCH2COOCH2CH3	Ethanol with 10% DMSO	MM
III-4	E2-134-1	ONa	H	OCH2CH3	Water	MM
III-5	E2-135	OCH2CH3	H	OCH2CH3	Ethanol	MM
III-6	E2-136-2	ONa	H	OCH2COONa	Water	MM
III-7	E2-131	ONa	CH2CH3	OCH2CH3	Water	MM
III-8	E2-130-3	OCH2CH3	CH2CH3	OCH2CH3	Ethanol	MM
III-9	E2-120 (ETK-2)	OCH3	CH2CH3	SCH2COOCH3	Ethanol	MM
III-10	E2-113 (ETK-1)	OCH2CH3	CH2CH3	SCH2COOCH2CH3	Ethanol	MM
III-11	E-163-1	ONa	3-Py	OCH2CH3	Water	MM
III-12	E-163-K	OCH2CH3	3-Py	OCH2CH3	Ethanol	MM
IV-1	AV-153	OCH2CH3	ONa	OCH2CH3	Water	[27]
IV-2	EE-126	OCH3	ONa	OCH3	Water	MM
IV-3	E3-46	OCH2CH3	OH	OCH2COOCH2CH3	Ethanol	MM
IV-4	V-6-55-1	OCH2COOCH2CH3	OH	OCH2COOCH2CH3	Ethanol	MM
IV-5	AV-154-Na	CH3	ONa	CH3	Water	[27]
IV-6	J-11-61B	CH3	OH	OCH2CH3	Ethanol	MM
IV-7	J-11-71-2	OCH2CH3	OH		Ethanol	MM
IV-8	Glutapyrone	OCH2CH3	NHCH(CH2)2COONa|COONa	OCH2CH3	Water	[28]
V	J-12-25				Ethanol	MM

*MM—see in Materials and Methods. DMSO (Dimethyl sulfoxide).