Table 4.

Stride length and behavior of non-castrated, band and knife castrated with or without a single injection of s.c. meloxicam in Angus crossbreed calves castrated at 1 wk of age from d 7 post-castration until the end of the experiment (d 35)

	Treatment1
	CT		BA		KN			P-value2
Item4	NM	M	NM	M	NM	M	SEM	CAS	MED	CAS × MED	T
Stride length, cm	38.7	38.3	38.3	39.0	39.6	38.7	0.68	0.57	0.66	0.48	<0.001
Standing, %	28.4	26.4	28.6	28.3	26.7	27.1	0.97	0.27	0.41	0.44	<0.001
Standing duration, min	25.0	24.8	27.3	24.8	27.6	25.5	2.03	0.54	0.20	0.73	<0.001
Lying duration, min	48.5	50.8	49.2	49.3	50.9	49.1	3.36	0.96	0.93	0.73	<0.001
Standing bouts, n	18.6	17.6	18.1	18.1	17.5	17.6	0.87	0.37	0.91	0.48	0.12
Lying bouts, n	26.1	25.8	26.5	25.3	27.4	25.6	1.31	0.85	0.27	0.81	0.03
Suckling, min3	4.6	5.8	6.3	7.3	7.2	9.1	0.27	0.04	0.08	0.88	0.40
Tail flick, n3	46.0ab	58.3ab	77.6a	48.5ab	30.4b	98.2a	0.14	0.88	0.35	0.04	0.61
Foot stamping, n3	4.0	1.5	2.3	3.7	1.8	2.3	0.04	0.77	0.95	0.19	0.21
Head turning, n3	9.6	6.9	6.2	7.3	9.8	8.3	0.05	0.49	0.71	0.61	0.45
Lesion licking, n3	0.27	0.06	0.97	0.88	0.28	0.16	0.018	0.01	0.17	0.99	0.19

¹CT = non-castrated but handled as castrated; BA = calves castrated with rubber rings; KN = calves castrated with a Newberry knife; NM = single s.c. injection of lactated ringer’s at castration time; M = single injection of s.c. meloxicam (0.5 mg/kg) at castration time.

²CAS = castration effect; T = time effect; CAS × T = interaction between castration and time effect.

³Data transformed to root square +1. Data presented herein are LSmeans without transformation, SEM and P-values form transformed values.

⁴Within rows, values with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).