Table 4.
Tuberculosis Infection/Metformin Exposure | Irregular Metformin Users versus Never Users | Regular Metformin Users versus Never Users | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR | 95% CI | p Value | HR | 95% CI | p Value | |
Any tuberculosis infection | ||||||
Never users | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Ever users | 0.603 | (0.538–0.677) | <0.0001 | 0.438 | (0.382–0.501) | <0.0001 |
Tertiles of cumulative duration of metformin therapy (months) | ||||||
Never users | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
<27.1 | 1.179 | (1.040–1.336) | 0.0103 | 0.889 | (0.748–1.055) | 0.1781 |
27.1–58.3 | 0.547 | (0.478–0.627) | <0.0001 | 0.523 | (0.435–0.628) | <0.0001 |
>58.3 | 0.214 | (0.180–0.255) | <0.0001 | 0.190 | (0.153–0.235) | <0.0001 |
Tertiles of cumulative dose of metformin therapy (mg) | ||||||
Never users | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
<817,000 | 1.096 | (0.965–1.245) | 0.1570 | 0.847 | (0.713–1.005) | 0.0572 |
817,000–2,047,180 | 0.565 | (0.494–0.647) | <0.0001 | 0.443 | (0.366–0.535) | <0.0001 |
>2,047,180 | 0.268 | (0.228–0.316) | <0.0001 | 0.230 | (0.188–0.282) | <0.0001 |
Pulmonary tuberculosis infection | ||||||
Never users | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
Ever users | 0.605 | (0.536–0.683) | <0.0001 | 0.431 | (0.373–0.497) | <0.0001 |
Tertiles of cumulative duration of metformin therapy (months) | ||||||
Never users | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
<27.1 | 1.185 | (1.038–1.352) | 0.0119 | 0.852 | (0.710–1.023) | 0.0853 |
27.1–58.3 | 0.551 | (0.478–0.636) | <0.0001 | 0.517 | (0.426–0.629) | <0.0001 |
>58.3 | 0.207 | (0.171–0.249) | <0.0001 | 0.189 | (0.151–0.237) | <0.0001 |
Tertiles of cumulative dose of metformin therapy (mg) | ||||||
Never users | 1.000 | 1.000 | ||||
<817,000 | 1.101 | (0.963–1.259) | 0.1579 | 0.813 | (0.678–0.976) | 0.0262 |
817,000–2,047,180 | 0.566 | (0.491–0.652) | <0.0001 | 0.440 | (0.360–0.537) | <0.0001 |
>2,047,180 | 0.266 | (0.224–0.316) | <0.0001 | 0.228 | (0.184–0.283) | <0.0001 |
HR: hazard ratio (propensity score weighted), CI: confidence interval.