Table 2.

Compositions of LCC fractions from wood and herbaceous plants

LCC fraction	Relative composition of LCC fraction, %		Relative carbohydrate composition, %
	Acid-soluble lignin	Total carbohydrates	Ara	Xyl	Man	Gal	Glu
Softwood (Spruce) [19]
GGM–L–Pectin	39	56.9	5.6a	4.2a	58.9a	22.1a	9.1a
GM–L–Xyl	56	36.8	3.3a	8.4a	52.2a	10.9a	25.3a
Glu–L	7	89.8	1.1a	1.0a	2.8a	0.22a	94.9a
GM–L–Xyl	41	51.8	1.3a	6.2a	64.7a	3.5a	24.1a
Xyl–L–GM	65	32	9.7a	58.4a	13.4a	7.2a	11.2a
Xyl–L–GM	29	59.1	6.9a	59.0a	24.0a	7.11a	2.9a
Softwood (Spruce) [17]
Glu–L	19.3	80.7	1.9	2.5	8.6	1.2	85.8
GM–L	29.2	70.8	4.7	10.6	30.9	4.4	49.4
Xyl–L	42.7	57.3	13.0	65.3	3.2	3.0	15.6
Hardwood (Eucalyptus globules) [31]
Glu–Xyl–L	14.2/15.8a	85.8/84.2a,b	0.6/0.7	18.1/18.9	2.3/2.2	1.3/1.5	77.2/76.3
Xyl–Glu–L	34.7/39.6a	60.4/65.3a,b	2.0/2.2	42.7/44.4	2.9/3.3	4.1/4.9	44.6/47.1
Hardwood (Eucalyptus globules) [20]
Xyl–Glu–L	29.0	71c	1.2	40.8	10.4	8.0	39.6
Glu–Xyl–L	53.2	46.8c	5.4	19.2	6.7	6.7	62
Glu–L	9.5	90.5c	0.8	4.8	0.6	0.5	94.1
Xyl–L	37.5	62.5c	1.1	91.3	2.7	1.9	3.0
Xyl–Glu–L	13.8	86.2c	0	58.7	12.1	2.3	26.9
Hardwood (Betula verrucosa) [20]
Glu–Xyl–L	29.2	70.8c	0	41.7	11.8	10.0	36.6
Glu–Xyl–L	15.9	84.1c	0.9	16.2	0.5	0.7	81.7
Xyl–L–Gal	35.8	64.2c	1.0	75.9	2.2	2.7	18.2
Herbaceous plant (Maize stem) [83]
Xyl–L–Ara	38.3	50.3	10.5	83.0	ND	07	6.4
Xyl–L–Glu	18.7	70.7	5.9	82.6	ND	07	11.5
Herbaceous plant (Sisal) [85]
Glu–L	7.8	92.2c	1.5	9.0	0.9	0.2	88.4
Xyl–L	24.1	75.9c	0.6	89.4	2.6	0.3	7.1
Herbaceous plant (Abaca) [85]
Glu–L	4.4	95.6c	0.3	4.1	0.5	0.1	95.0
Xyl–L	29.4	70.6c	3.4	75.5	13.0	0.3	7.8
Not fractionated LCC from herbaceous plants
LCC-AcOH (Bamboo) [25]	19.9	48	3.8	32.9	3.1	1.0	59.2
Björkman LCC (A. donax) [24]	34.8	65.2	6.2	59.2	0.1	3.3	28.9
Björkman LCC (Wheat straw) [23]	16.03	75.1a	9.3a	75.1a	2.2a	0a	13.4a
LCC-WE (Rice straw) [82]	27.7	63.9	13	80.1	0.4	2.3	13

^aConverted to % based on the data presented in the source

^b12/24 h of ball milling

^cCalculated by authors by subtraction the portion of lignin (%) presented in the LCC fraction from 100%