Table 1.

Exclusion criteria

Patients with ARDS who required use of extracorporal membrane oxygenation during admission

Patients with a diagnosis of respiratory failure from CHF

Patients with acute exacerbation of COPD or asthma

Patients who required RRT prior to intubation

Patients with advanced CKD prior to admission (CKD stage 5, estimated glomerular filtration rate <15 mL/min/m2 based on the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease study equation)

Abbreviations: ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CHF, congestive heart failure; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder; RRT, renal replacement therapy; CKD, chronic kidney disease.