Table 5.
Phytoconstituents of Aloe species extracted with non-specified methods.
| Aloe Species | Phytochemicals | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Leaves | ||
| A. aageodonta | 7-O-Methylaloesin, aloeresin D, aloin A, aloin B, aloinoside A, aloinoside B, microdontin A, and microdontin B | [33] |
| A. barbadensis | Cycloartenol, 24-methylene-cycloartanol, lophenol, 24-methyl-lophenol, and 24-ethyl-lophenol | [73,74,75] |
| Anthraglycosides, sugars, cardiotonic glycosides, mucilages, pectin, sterols type Δ5, anthraquinones, saponins, sterols, and triterpenoids | [76] | |
| A. castanea | 6′-O-Coumaroylaloesin | [77] |
| A. claviflora | Oxanthrone, 10-hydroxyaloin B 6′-O-acetate | [78] |
| A. excelsa | Aloe-emodin and aloin A | [79] |
| Aloctin A and aloctin B | [80] | |
| 1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methylanthracenedione (chrysophanol), | [79] | |
| A. ferox | Aloeresin D (a C-glucosylated 5-methylchromone), feroxidin (1-methyltetralin derivative), and feralolide (a dihydroisocoumarin) | [81,82,83] |
| 5-Hydroxy-3-methylnaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4(9H)-one, 5-hydroxy-3-methylnaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4,9-dione, and 5-hydroxy-3-methylnaphtho[2,3-c]furan-4(1H)-one | [84] | |
| A. microstigma | 5-Hydroxyaloin A and microstigmin A, | [85] |
| A. nyeriensis | Aloesin, 7-O-methylaloesin, aloenin, aloeresin D, aloin B, and aloin A | [34] |
| A. purpurea | Phenols and trace amounts of saponins, tannins, alkaloids, anthraquinones, terpenes, coumarins, and flavonoids | [41] |
| A. rabaiensis | Aloe-emodin-11-O-rhamnoside, aloe-emodin anthrone-10-C-glucoside, aloe-emodin anthrone-10-C-rhamnoside, aloeresin D, and rabaichromone | [86] |
| A. rubroviolacea | Phytosterols (cholesterol, 24-methylcholesta-5,22-dien-3β-ol, campesterol, campestanol, stigmasterol, 15holesteno, and sitostanol); anthraquinones (aloin A and aloe-emodin); anthrone-anthraquinones (elgonica A and elgonica B); C-glycosyl chromones (8-C-glycosyl-(2’-O-cinnamoyl)-7-O-methylaloediol B, aloeresin E, and 8-C-glycosyl-7-O-methyl-I-aloesol) | [87] |
| A. sabaea | Coniine, γ-coniceine, N-4′-chlorobutylbutyramide, and N,N-dimethylconiine | [88] |
| A. vera | Tannins, saponins, and flavonoids | [89] |
| β-sitosterol | [25] | |
| Roots | ||
| A. berhana | Aloesaponol I, laccaic acid D methyl ester, aloesaponol III, aloesaponarin I, chrysophanol-8-methyl ether, chrysophanol, and aloechrysone | [90] |
| Stems | ||
| A. saponaria | Aloesaponarin I, aloesaponarin II, desoxyerythrolaccin, helminthosporin, isoxanthorin, and laccaic acid D methyl ester, aloesaponol III, aloesaponol IV, chrysophanol, helminthosporin, and isoxanthorin | [91] |
| Flowers | ||
| A. perryi | Glycosides, phytosterols, proteins, and amino acids, flavonoids, phenols, and carbohydrates | [92] |
| Leaves and roots | ||
| A. hijazensis | Aloe-emodin, emodin, chrysophanol, aloesaponarin II, 3-methyl ether, ziganein, ziganein-5-methyl ether, aloesaponarin I, chrysophanein, feralolide, 4,7-dichloro-quinoline, lupeol, aloin, aloenin, ethylidene-aloenin, aloenin B, quercetin, kaempferol, cosmosiin, isovitexin, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, and ferulic acid | [93] |
| A. arborescens var. natalensis | 2′-O-p-Coumaroylaloesin and 2′-O-feruloylaloesin | [94] |