Table 6.
No | Platform | Technical Remark | Target Sample | Performance | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | iPhone | PDMS Kretschmann prism, light source from iPhone screen, the front camera as a photodetector, optional sensing plate using commercial CM5. | β2 microglo-bulin | Res:2.14 × 10−6 RIU LOD: 0.1 mg/mL In serum; 0.25 mg/mL in urine |
[99] |
2 | Smartphone | Optical fiber coupling, three channels, main camera as photodetector | IgG | Res:7.4 × 10−6 RIU, LOD: 47.4 nM |
[100] |
3 | Optical module and iPhone integration | White light source, LSPR, transmission illumination, extended optical module, main camera as photodetector, AuNP colloid solution in cuvette. | BSA, Trypsin | LOD: 19.2 µg/mL (BSA); 25.7 µg/mL (Trypsin) | [101] |
4 | Optical module and iPhone integration | LED light source, transmission grating, extended optical module, main camera as a photodetector. | Urine, BSA | 0.01 mg/mL | [102] |