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. 2018 Sep 7;19(9):2660. doi: 10.3390/ijms19092660

Figure 3.

Figure 3

UPM-induced expression of TRPV 1 is mediated through activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB. HaCaT cells were treated with UPM (200 ppm) and then incubated for two days in the presence of the indicated concentration of MAPK and NF-κB inhibitors. (A) Total RNA was isolated from the cells, and the mRNA levels of the indicated genes were measured using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. The expressed results are relative to the untreated cells after normalization against the GAPDH level. * p <0.05 vs. the untreated control, o p <0.05 vs. the UPM-treated control. The results were confirmed using four independent experiments. Each experiment was conducted in duplicate. The data are expressed as the mean ± SD. (B) The cell lysates were subjected to Western blot analysis for TRPV 1. UPM, urban particulate matter; SB, SB203580; SP, SP600125; PD, PD98059; PDTC, ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate.