Table 2.

Potential therapeutic strategies targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in sterile liver disease.

Disease	Therapeutic Strategy	References
NAFLD	The cholesterol-lowering drug ezetimibe reduced cholesterol crystal formation and fibrosis in murine diet-induced steatohepatitis	[96]
	The small molecule NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950 inhibited Kupffer cell activation and attenuated inflammation and fibrosis in murine diet-induced steatohepatitis	[48,72]
ALD	Inhibition of uric acid synthesis with allopurinol and treatment with probenecid, which depletes uric acid and blocks ATP-induced P2rx7 signaling, improved pathology of murine alcohol-induced liver injury	[77]
	The hepatoprotective substance Gentiopicroside inhibited P2rx7-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation and ameliorated pathology of murine ALD	[97]
Drug-Induced Liver Injury	The P2rx7 antagonist A438079 or soluble CD39 inhibited extracellular ATP signaling and reduced murine APAP-induced liver injury and mortality	[79]
	Aspirin and benzyl alcohol were protective in APAP-induced pathology probably by inhibiting the NLRP3 inflammasome activation and neutrophil infiltration	[80,98]
Liver I/R	The ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation and attenuated murine liver I/R injury	[83]
	Blockage of IL-1β signaling by an anti-IL-1β antibody improved disease pathology of murine liver I/R injury	[85]
AIH	An IL-1R antagonist diminished ROS production and NLRP3 inflammasome activation and suppressed liver inflammation in murine ConA-induced hepatitis	[93]