| BTESE | 1,2-bis (triethoxysilyl)ethane |
| CDI | capacitive deionization |
| EDR | electrodialysis reversal |
| FO | forward osmosis |
| MA | maleic acid |
| MD | membrane distillation |
| MED | multiple effect distillation |
| MSF | multi-stage flash |
| NaCl | sodium chloride |
| PVA | polyvinyl alcohol |
| RO | reverse osmosis |
| TDS | total dissolve solid |
| TEOS | tetraethyl orthosilicate |
| VC | vapor compression |
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