| OAS2 | 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 2 |
| OAS1 | 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 |
| OAS3 | 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 3 |
| OASL | 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase-like |
| dsRNA | double-stranded RNA |
| IPS1 | also known as VISA: IFN-β-promoter stimulator 1 |
| MDA5 | melanoma differentiation associated protein 5 |
| MS | multiple sclerosis |
| RIG-I | retinoic acid-inducible gene I |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| MBx | skeletal muscle biopsies |
| SLE | systemic lupus erythematosus |
| Sc | systemic sclerosis |
| TBK1/IKKE | TANK-binding kinase |
| TRIF | TLR adaptor molecule 1 |
| TLR3 | Toll-like receptor 3 |
| IRF3 | transcription factor IFN regulatory factor 3 |
| TRAF3 | tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factor 3 |